Download Genomics on the Web Handout

This exercise uses content on the web as the source for genomics
learning. You will learn about the pioneers of genetics in the turn
of the century and how their accomplishments provided the seeds
of discovery for further works in genetic science. In the span of
approximately 100 years the scientific community has gone from
a near lack of any genetic knowledge to sequencing the entire
human genome.
Instructions
Using the http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/6/concept/index.html web site,
investigate the following chapters by first selecting the chapter name, and
then selecting the “Animation” tab at the bottom of the page.
One you have completed the chapter’s animated tour describing people,
discoveries, and concepts, complete the quiz by selecting the “problem”
tab at the bottom of the page. Expect to spend approximately 30 minutes
to complete each chapter.
10
11
Chapter
10
11
15
19
21
22
23
34
39
Title
Chromosomes Carry Genes
Genes get shuffled when chromosomes exchange pieces
DNA and proteins are key molecules of the cell nucleus
The DNA molecule is shaped like a twisted ladder
RNA is an intermediary between DNA and protein
DNA words are three letters long
A gene is a discrete sequence of DNA nucleotides
Genes can be moved between species
A genome is an entire set of genes
What’s next?
Do the crossword
puzzle on the next
page!
The Clues
Across
3. GFP
4. A POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN OF AMINO ACIDS LINKED TOGETHER BY
PEPTIDE BONDS
5. A SEQUENCE OF THREE NUCLEOTIDES IN mRNA THAT SPECIFIES
ONE AMINO ACID
9. PROCESS BY WHICH HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES INTERTWINE AND
EXCHANGE PIECES
13. NUMBER OF LINKAGE GROUPS (CHROMOSOMES) THE FRUIT FLY
ACCORDING TO MORGAN
14. THE PROCESS WHICH CREATES MRNA FROM DNA
17. THE DNA NUCLEOTIDE ABBREVIATED AS “T”
20. PRIMARY LOCATION OF DNA IN THE CELL
21. USED TO JOIN DNA WHICH HAS “STICKY ENDS”
22. A COMPLEMENTARY STRAND OF DNA MADE FROM MRNA
25. USED TO PREDICT THE OFFSPRING OF A MATING OF PARENTS
27. INFORMATION FLOWS FROM DNA TO PROTEIN
30. THE DNA NUCLEOTIDE ABBREVIATED AS “C”
32. NONCODING DNA REGIONS WHICH ARE NOT USED TO MAKE
PROTEIN
34. BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME
35. REPAIRS DNA
36. THE DIRECTION OF THE TWO STRANDS OF DNA
39. RNA IS ______, WHEREAS DNA IS DOUBLE STRANDED
40. THE DNA NUCLEOTIDE ABBREVIATED AS “A”
41. THE MESSAGE THAT CARRIES GENETIC INFORMATION FROM THE
DNA IN THE NUCLEUS TO THE CYTOPLASM
42. DIGESTS TEMPLATE DNA INTO PIECES
Down
1. THE ENZYME THAT SYNTHESIZES DNA
2. THE WEAK BONDS WHICH ARE FORMED BETWEEN DNA NUCLEOTIDES
6. THE ONLY FOUR UNITS WHICH MAKE UP DNA
7. THE CODON WHICH SIGNALS THE START OF TRANSLATION
8. THE MOVEMENT OF DNA FROM ONE ORGANISM TO ANOTHER
10. ETS
11. DISCOVERED THE “CHAIN TERMINATION” METHOD OF DNA
SEQUENCING
12. PUBLISHED THE FIRST GENETIC MAP
15. PRIMARY LOCATION OF RNA IN THE CELL
16. THE DNA NUCLEOTIDE ABBREVIATED AS “G”
18. READS THE mRNA AND BRINGS AMINO ACIDS TO RIBOSOMES FOR
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
19. NUCLEOTIDE BASE USED IN RNA THAT IS EQUIVALENT TO
THYMINE IN DNA
23. APTEROUS SEPIA AND EYELESS ARE FORMS OF THESE
24. REPLICATION OF DNA STRANDS WHERE EACH ORIGINAL STRAND
IS A TEMPLATE FOR A NEW COMPLEMENTARY STRAND
26. LINUS PAULING USED X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY TO DISCOVER
THIS SHAPE WHICH IS FOUND IN MANY PROTEINS
28. THE SUBUNITS USED TO MAKE UP PROTEINS
29. SHORT TANDEM REPEAT
31. THE PROCESS BY WHICH AN mRNA SEQUENCE IS “READ” INTO AN
AMINO ACID SEQUENCE (PROTEIN)
33. A PROTEIN MADE FROM TRANSFORMED BACTERIA FOR HUMAN USE
37. DISCOVERED THERE ARE ABOUT EQUAL AMOUNTS OF ADENINE AND
THYMINE, AND ABOUT EQUAL AMOUNTS OF CYTOSINE AND
GUANINE IN DNA
38. AN INDIVIDUAL HAVING THE APPEARANCE MOST COMMONLY FOUND
IN NATURE
42. HAVING TWO MUTANT TRAITS
It is through science that we
prove, but through intuition that
we discover.
- Henri Poincare