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Transcript
Genetic Engineering What Is This? • Do you hear what I hear? Selective Breeding • Allowing only those animals with desired characteristics to produce the next generation • Humans use selective breeding to pass desired traits on to the next generation of organisms • Inbreeding- develop pure lines • Hybrid- usually bigger and stronger Examples of Selective Breeding Genetic Engineering • Transgenic organisms contain recombinant DNA (foreign DNA) • 3 Step Process –1. Isolate - cleave via restriction enzymes –2. Attach – “sticky ends” –3. Transfer – vector, usually bacterial DNA Tobacco with “Firefly DNA” Gel Electrophoresis DNA Sequencing • ..\..\..\genetransfer30.mov Applications of DNA Technology or Biotechnology • Cloning • Recombinant DNA in technology, medicine, and agriculture • Transgenic organisms • Gene therapy –Sheep alpha-1 antitrypsin for treatment of emphysema –Goats CFTR protein for treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Transgenic Animals • Transgenic livestock have been produced with extra copies of growth hormone genes • Such animals grow faster and produce meat that is less fatty than that from ordinary animals • Efforts are now underway to produce transgenic chickens that will be resistant to the bacterial infections that sometimes cause food poisoning Transgenic Plants • (2000) 52 % of the soybeans and 25 % of the corn grown in the United States were transgenic • Many contain genes that produce a natural insecticide, so the crops do not have to be sprayed with synthetic pesticides • Others have genes that enable them to resist weed-killing chemicals Cloned Animals Gene Therapy • ..\Biologix_Manipulating DNA.asx
