Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download a S
Document related concepts
Light-front quantization applications wikipedia , lookup
Double-slit experiment wikipedia , lookup
Theory of everything wikipedia , lookup
Peter Kalmus wikipedia , lookup
Scalar field theory wikipedia , lookup
Symmetry in quantum mechanics wikipedia , lookup
Quantum vacuum thruster wikipedia , lookup
Supersymmetry wikipedia , lookup
Weakly-interacting massive particles wikipedia , lookup
Canonical quantization wikipedia , lookup
Introduction to quantum mechanics wikipedia , lookup
Quantum electrodynamics wikipedia , lookup
Old quantum theory wikipedia , lookup
Nuclear structure wikipedia , lookup
Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis wikipedia , lookup
Quantum tunnelling wikipedia , lookup
History of quantum field theory wikipedia , lookup
Search for the Higgs boson wikipedia , lookup
Higgs mechanism wikipedia , lookup
Identical particles wikipedia , lookup
Relativistic quantum mechanics wikipedia , lookup
Electron scattering wikipedia , lookup
Yang–Mills theory wikipedia , lookup
Large Hadron Collider wikipedia , lookup
ALICE experiment wikipedia , lookup
Renormalization wikipedia , lookup
Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation wikipedia , lookup
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model wikipedia , lookup
Strangeness production wikipedia , lookup
Compact Muon Solenoid wikipedia , lookup
Technicolor (physics) wikipedia , lookup
ATLAS experiment wikipedia , lookup
Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model wikipedia , lookup
Grand Unified Theory wikipedia , lookup
Renormalization group wikipedia , lookup
Future Circular Collider wikipedia , lookup
Elementary particle wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Outline Relativistic Kinematics (4-momentum)2 invariance, invariant mass Hypothesis testing, production thresholds Cross-sections, flux and luminosity, accelerators Particle lifetime, decay length, width Today Classification of particles Fermions and bosons; Leptons, hadrons, quarks Mesons, baryons Quark Model Meson and baryon multiplets Isospin, strangeness, c, b, t quarks Particle Interactions Colour charge, QCD, gluons, fragmentation, running couplings Strong and weak decays, conservation rules Virtual particles and range of forces Previous Parity, charge conjugation, CP lecture Weak decays of quarks Charmonium and upsilon systems Electroweak Interactions Charged and neutral currents W, Z, LEP experiments Higgs and the future Higgs phenomenology - new in 2015 Dark Matter phenomenology (and searches) – new in 2015 LHC Experiments’ Results [Introduction to accelerator physics??] g-2: from Illinois to Chicago 50 foot wide particle accelerator 3200 mile journey (as complete ring) https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=playe r_embedded&v=fNZts69S1eY https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=playe r_embedded&v=1qlRr2BoFC4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=playe r_embedded&v=sPSMPuZkcbU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwUGoXspz bs&feature=player_embedded Data: E.M. coupling constant, aEM 1/ aEM Confusion warning! Often presented as: coupling [or 1/(coupling)] vs. distance [or energy2 ] Coupling decreases as energy increases From ~1/137 (usual energies) 2 Increasing energy To 1/127 (~90 GeV of probe centre-of-mass) Example of recent compilation of data Many others similar in literature as Summary Consistency of coupling measured in different physics environments “Confinement” “asymptotic freedom” Long range (low energy) Short range (low energy) K. Nakamura et al. (Particle Data Group), J. Phys. G 37, 075021 (2010) [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2011/reviews/rpp2011-rev-qcd.pdf] Quantum ElectroDynamics - QED Measured/predicted to ~6 parts in 1010 precision D. Hanneke, S. Fogwell and G. Gabrielse, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 120801 (2008). Examples of what is involved in calculations to reach such precision… Quantum ElectroDynamics - QED Strong Coupling “constant”, aS aS the fundamental, universal QCD parameter Standard Model predicts “momentum scale”, Q (~s) evolution, but not the absolute value of aS Perturbative effects, varying as ~ 1/lnQ Non-perturbative effects, varying as ~ 1/Q Test: measure different processes, energies Intuitive techniques in e+eaS q g q- aS g Precision low, O(%) cf. electroweak O(105)
