Download Integrating Climate and hazard mitigation planning (Powerpoint)

NORTON SOUND COMMUNITY
CLIMATE ADAPTION TRAINING
INTEGRATING CLIMATE AND HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING
JANUARY 24, 2017
HAL SHEPHERD
WATER POLICY CONSULTING, LLC
[email protected]
(907)491-1355
WWW.WATERPOLICYCONSULTING.COM
“Indigenous Arctic people race to adapt to
climate change as 'warning bells' ring on
tipping points” - International Business Times (11/28/16)
Tipping points may radically change Arctic societies and
environment in the rest of the century.
"Without rapid action
to slow climate
change by reducing
greenhouse gas
emissions, the
resilience of the
Arctic will be
overwhelmed.“
Arctic Council
Photo: Carol Oliver – Golovin I-GAP
“Tipping points” (Cont.)
"Ultimately, realizing resilience in the Arctic will depend
on empowering the people of the North to self-organize,
define challenges in their own terms, and find their own
solutions, knowing that they have the flexibility and
external support to implement their plans."

International Business Times (11/28/16)
Natural Hazards & Climate:
Which Hazards?

4
Natural Hazards
Impacted by Climate
Change
 Varies
by place
 Varies
by time horizon
 Degree
of uncertainty
Bigstock 92881379
FEMA Guidance on Climate +
HMP Integration

May include discussion of the impacts of climate change in
risk assessment

not required by mitigation planning regulation, but can
provide a better understanding of how risk may change
in the future

May include climate change as a separate section in the
plan or within the descriptions of the existing hazards, such
as severe storms, flooding, wildfire, and drought

Climate adaptation strategies, which are adjustments in
natural or human systems to mitigate the impacts of a
changing climate, may complement other hazard
mitigation strategies

FEMA Local Hazard Mitigation Planning Handbook, March
2013, Section 5-8
Natural Hazards &
Climate Adaptation
Hazard
Mitigation
Planning:
Conditions of
Concern:
 Non-Climate
Hazards (e.g.
Earthquakes)
 Man-Made
Hazards (e.g.
Oil Spills)
6
ICLEI PUBLICATIONS
Conditions of
Concern:
 Climate-Related
Natural Hazards
(e.g. Wildfires)
 Goal: LongTerm Risk
Reduction
 Response:
Planned Policies,
Programs
Climate
Adaptation
Planning
Conditions of
Concern:
 Slow-Onset
Climate
Changes
 Response:
Spontaneous/
Unplanned
Adjustments
Integrating Hazard Mitigation and Climate Adaptation Planning: Case Studies & Lessons Learned. ICLEI, 2014
Integrating Climate & HMP:
Why Bother

FEMA requires states
to “consider climate”

Funding

It makes sense

Accurate assessment
of risk

Key to increasing
climate resilience
7
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Integrating Climate & HMP:
Case Studies
8
 Integrating Hazard Mitigation Planning
and Climate Adaptation Planning: Case
Studies and Lessons Learned (2014)
 Case Study: Climate Preparedness in
the San Diego County MultiJurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan
Update (2016)
 Both available at ICLEI Publications
HMPs: Opportunities
to Integrate Climate
9
Five HMP Elements:
A: Planning & Stakeholder
Engagement
B: Hazard Identification &
Risk Assessment
C: Mitigation Strategy
D: Plan Review, Evaluation,
and Implementation
(Updates Only)
E: Plan Adoption
Full Baltimore HMP
Public and Stakeholder
Engagement


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10
Requires open public
involvement process
Climate
Stakeholders?
 Environmental
vulnerability
 Economic
vulnerability
 Social
vulnerability
Native Village of Golovin
Climate Risk Update to HMP
Google Maps
Why Integrate Climate Adaptation
and Hazard Mitigation Planning?
Photo courtesy of Deb Kleinman
HMP Update:
Native Village of Golovin
US Coast Guard SPAR , Aug 2016.
Photos: Carol Oliver –
Golovin
I-GAP
13
Storm surge
Native Village of Golovin.
Fish plant
What was planned &
what happened
Integrate climate into Golovin HMP
(Objective 1)
Secure FEMA funding to pay for
implementation (Objective 2)
Team & community engagement
(Objective 3)
Monitoring and evaluation
(Objective 4)
Photo: Carol Oliver – Golovin I-GAP
Process for HMP Update
Photo courtesy of Deb Kleinman
What is in the HMP update?

New recommendations:
 Coastal
erosion
 Document
happening
changes
 Integrate
existing
planning documents

New planning efforts:
 Stormwater
 Integrated
mgmt.
Water
Resources Mgmt.
Photo courtesy of Deb Kleinman
Key Climate Informed Strategies

Apply Traditional & Local
Ecological Knowledge

Emphasize:
 Tribal
sovereignty
 Policy
 Fee-to-Trust
 Apply
for instream flow
water rights
Photo courtesy of Deb Kleinman
 Resiliency
 Employment
 Public
Safety
 Secure
Funding!
How did Climate Change the HMP?
Photo courtesy of Deb Kleinman
Hazard Identification &
Risk Assessment

19
When climate is integrated:

Climate projections, climate modeling

Downscaling global models to support local
planning

Prioritization of risk includes climate impacts

Dealing with uncertainty
Bigstock photos 3559504, 3982819, 118215584
Mitigation Strategy
20
 Strategic plan that addresses risk assessment
 Goals
 Range of specific actions and projects
 including NFIP participation
 Action plan
 Cost benefit analysis
 How to incorporate these goals into other
planning mechanisms
Bigstock photos 84714902, 97434614, 91807430
Alaskan Subsistence Hunters' Climate
Change-Driven Challenges
Biggest difficulty for Alaska’s subsistence hunters:
“ just getting out into the field to get to the food.”
Climatic Change, Oct 2016
“There’s safety issues. There‘s weather events that are
occurring. It seems to be a more unpredictable and
unstable environment.”
Todd Brinkman, University of
Alaska Fairbanks’ Institute of
Arctic Biology
Alaskan Subsistence Hunters' Climate
Change-driven Challenges
Personal accounts of subsistence hunters in
last five years:
Difficulties traversing thawing and squishy
tundra

Persistently above-normal temperatures well
into the fall hunting season or well before
breakup.

About NFIP and CRS…
National Flood Insurance Program Web Page
23
Answers to Questions About the NFIP

Reduce impact of
flooding

Affordable insurance for
property owners

Promote adoption and
enforcement of
floodplain management
regulations
Mitigation Strategy:
Plans & Policies
24
 Integration with other plans
 Comprehensive / Land Use Plans
 Integrated Water Resource Management
Plans
 Local policy and rule making
 Codes, ordinances, incentives, etc.
Bigstock photos 84714902, 97434614, 91807430
Integrated Water
Resources Management
“[A] process that promotes the coordinated
development and management of water, land and
related resources, in order to maximize the resultant
economic and social welfare in an equitable manner
without compromising the sustainability of vital
ecosystems.”
Global Water Partnership Technical Advisory
Committee (2000)
Integrated Water
Resources Management
Work with stakeholders to create an IWRM for rivers
and creeks that support:

drinking water

salmon habitat

flood control
Focuses on the interconnectedness of the entire
watershed to address the effects of climate change
on human health and welfare, subsistence and
infrastructure.
Integrated Water
Resources Management
Consideration of:

1) Manage water sustainably

2) Balance economics, social equity, & environment

3) Coordination and integration

4) Participation from all water sectors

5) Holistic management of connected resources

6) Process oriented adaptive management

7) Enabling environment of policies & resources and

8) Institutional roles and capacity
Climate Resilient Mitigation Activities
 Aquifer Storage and
Recovery (ASR)
 Floodplain and
Stream Restoration
(FSR)
 Flood Diversion and
Storage (FDS)
 Pre- or Post- Wildfire
Mitigation Activities
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Climate Resilient Mitigation
Activities
28
 Mitigation Actions that
Utilize Green
Infrastructure
Plan Adoption
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29

Who needs to
formally adopt plan?

Doesn’t change with
integration of climate

https://www.fema.gov/clim
ate-resilient-mitigationactivities-hazardmitigation-assistance
Integrating Climate & HMP: Challenges
30
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
Who “owns” it

Short v. long term

Downscaling global
climate models

What else?
FEMA Funding for Mitigation
planning and projects

Hazard Mitigation Grant HMGP Program assists in
implementing long-term hazard mitigation planning and
projects following a Presidential major disaster declaration

Pre-Disaster Mitigation PDM Program provides funds for
hazard mitigation planning and projects on an annual
basis

Flood Mitigation Assistance FMA Program provides funds
for planning and projects to reduce or eliminate risk of
flood damage to buildings that are insured under the
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) on an annual
basis
FEMA Funding: Climate Requirements
32
“States must consider how future risk and vulnerability
may be affected by changing future conditions…
The Guide clarifies that the probability of future hazard
events must include considerations of changing
future conditions, including the effects of long-term
changes in weather patterns and climate on the
identified hazards.”
FEMA State Mitigation Plan Review Guide
FEMA Funding: Climate Requirements
33
Integrating Climate & HMP: The Basics
“FEMA will prioritize the competitive projects for
selection up to the available funding as follows:
•Climate Resilient Mitigation Activities (CRMA)
Infrastructure Finance and
Innovation Act
EPA recently announced the availability of approximately $1
billion in credit assistance for water infrastructure projects under
the new Water (WIFIA) program
Provides long-term, low-cost credit assistance in the form of
direct loans and loan guarantees to creditworthy water projects
including:
drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater conveyance
and treatment, and enhanced energy efficiency at drinking water
and wastewater facilities.
Shaktoolik, Alaska: Climate Change
Adaptation for an At-Risk Community

Sources for Climate Change
Adaptation Funding and Technical
Assistance
 https://www.dropbox.com/sh/j9hx46xe
6kiatwm/AACoXAVWj63TDJZuhE_bFmV
Ea?dl=0
QUESTIONS?