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Name:_______________________________________Period:________Date:______________ Honors Packet 4: Cell Energy Bio.4.2 Analyze the relationships between biochemical processes and energy use in the cell. Bio.4.2.1 Analyze photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of how energy is stored, released, and transferred within and between these systems. Bio 4.2.2 Explain ways that organisms use released energy for maintaining homeostasis (active transport). Bio.1.1 Understand the relationship between the structures and functions of cells and their organelles. Bio.1.1.1 Summarize the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells (including the nucleus, plasma membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and ribosomes) and ways that these organelles interact with each other to perform the function of the cell. Vocabulary o ATP o ADP o Reactants o Products o Heterotroph o Autotroph o Mitochondria Cellular Respiration o Aerobic o Anaerobic Lactic Acid Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation o o o o Assignments Due: Photosynthesis Pigment Chlorophyll Chloroplast Due Dates: □ Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration Demo worksheet _______________ □ Muscle Fatigue Lab _______________ □ Webquest _______________ □ Online Review _______________ □ Cell Energy Test _______________ Photosynthesis Notes 1. Definition/Goal – _______________________________________________________ 2. Equation – (carbon dioxide) (water) (glucose) (oxygen) 1 3. Photosynthesis consists of 2 steps: a light dependent reaction and light independent reaction or Calvin cycle: sunlight Light Dependent Reaction ATP Light Independent Reaction (Calvin or Dark cycle) C6H12O6 a. Goal of the Light Dependent reaction: ______________________________________ b. Goal of the Light Independent reaction: _____________________________________ 4. Location - _______________________________________ 5. Chloroplast Structure: 6. How do plants absorb light? Notice the stacks inside of the chloroplast. These stacks absorb sunlight. This arrangement increases the amount of _____________________________________ to absorb as much sunlight as possible. Plants contain _________________________ that _______________ some wavelengths of light and ________________ others. For example, if a plant appears red, the plant ________________ this color. ______________________ is one of the most abundant pigments in a plant which absorbs the red and blue colors of the spectrum and reflects ________________ which is what makes plants appear green. The light plants absorb is used to undergo __________________________. 2 Cellular Respiration Notes 1. Definition/Goal – _________________________________________________________ Analogy: glucose is like a _____________, ATP is like _________ 2. Location: _______________________________ Notice the highly folded inner membrane. These folds increase the amount of __________________________ so lots of ATP can be made. 3. 2 Types Cellular Respiration: a. (Best Option) ____________________________ Respiration If ___________________ is present, the cell may continue ATP production by going through aerobic respiration. Aerobic Respiration is most commonly used and preferred because much more ATP can be produced. The equation for aerobic respiration is: _____________ + ______________ ___________ + ___________ + _________ATP Cellular Respiration has 3 steps: Glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Can occur with or without oxygen C6H12O6 Glycolysis Must have oxygen present in last 2 steps Kreb’s Cycle ETC 3 b. (Other option) _____________________________ Respiration When __________ is NOT present, also called ___________________________. 2 Types of Fermentation: 1. ________________________ Fermentation occurs in yeast. Equation: ____________ ____________ + ________ + ____ ATP These ingredients are used to make many foods: o In _______________, yeast releases _____________________ - which is what adds holes or air bubbles to your bread o The alcohol produced by yeast is utilized in ________________. 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation - occurs in ______________________ cells when they run out of _______________. Equation: ______________ ____________________ + _____ ATP When you are exercising really hard your muscles use up their ATP and oxygen sot the muscle cells begin to produce ATP through lactic acid fermentation. _________________ ___________________ is the product, which builds up in your muscles. This can create a painful burning sensation which you may feel during intense exercise. Structure of ATP & ADP: Energy is stored in the bond between the ___________________________, when the bonds break energy is ________________________ to power chemical reactions, your cells and ultimately your body. The goal of cellular respiration is to take ADP and create ATP by adding on a _______________. 4 Photosynthesis vs. Respiration in Eukaryotes: Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Organelle where it occurs Types of cells: all, plant, animal, etc. Reactants Products Energy Source Energy Result 5