Download CHEMISTRY UNIT VOCABULARY

TEKS
TEKS
TEKS
TEKS
7.3D relate the impact of research on scientific thought and society, including the history of science and contributions of scientists as related to the content
7.4A use appropriate tools to collect, record and analyze information
7.6A identify that organic compounds contain carbon and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen or sulfur
7.12F recognize that according to the cell theory all organisms are composed of cells and cells carry on similar functions such as extracting energy from food to
sustain life
TEKS 7.12D differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion,
chloroplasts and vacuole
TEKS 7.12C recognize levels of organization in plants and animals, including cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organism
Cell Unit Vocabulary
Term
Definition
Brown, Robert
1833- Reported the discovery of the cell nucleus.
carbohydrates
Organic compounds that contain carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.
carbon
Element found in all organic compounds.
cell
Protective layer of cells that controls what goes in
and out of a cell.
cell theory
Schwann & Schleiden came up with the idea that
cells are the basic units of structure and function
in all living things.
chlorophyll
chloroplasts
chromosomes
starches & sugars
Basic unit of structure and function in all living
organisms.
cell membrane
cell wall
Example
Rigid, outer layer of plant cells that provides
shape, protection and support.
Green pigment in plant cells that traps light for
photosynthesis.
Specialized organelles in plants cells where
photosynthesis takes place… contains chlorophyll.
Structure found in the nucleus of a cell that is
made up of DNA which contains the genetic
information passed to offspring.
compound
A substance made of two or more elements
chemically combined in a set ratio.
cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance in a cell that contains the
organelles.
diffusion
The movement of molecules from and area of
high concentration to an area of low
concentration.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
Structure that makes up chromosomes and is
found in the nucleus of a cell.
CO2, H2O, C6H12O6
element
eukaryote
A substance that cannot be broken down into any
other substances by chemical or physical means.
Organisms with cells that have an organized
nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Hooke, Robert
1665- First person to describe and names cells
while looking at cork.
Leeuwenhoek,
Anton van
1673- Credited with inventing the microscope and
being the first to view microorganisms.
lipids
Organic compounds that contain carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.
living
Organism made of cells that need energy, water &
gases and can reproduce, grow, repair injuries,
respond & adapt, and excrete wastes.
mitochondria
Organelle where cellular respiration takes place to
release energy for a cell… “power house” of a cell.
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen,
nitrogen, phosphorus & sulfur
plants, animals, fungi…
fats, oils & waxes
molecule
Smallest unit of a substance that still has the
properteis of that substance.
O2, CO2, H20, C6H1206
nucleic acids
Organic compounds that contain carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and
sometimes sulfur.
DNA & RNA
nucleus
Organelle that controls all of the cell’s activities
and contains chromosomes.
organelles
Small organ-like structures that make up cells and
perform specific functions.
nucleus, cell membrane,
mitochondria, vacuole,
chloroplasts, etc…
organic
compound
Compounds made of long chains of subunits
which are found in all living matter and contain
carbon.
carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins & nucleic acids
organism
Anything living.
photosynthesis
proteins
The process by which plants and some other
organisms capture light energy and use it to make
food from carbon dioxide and water.
Organic compounds that contain carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes
sulfur.
Schwann,
Theodor
1838- Studied animal cells; came up with the
original cell theory with Schleiden.
Schleiden,
Matthias
1838- Studied plant cells; came up with the
original cell theory with Schwann.
vacuole
Virchow, Rudolf
plant, animal, fungi,
bacteria, etc…
Organelle that stores water, wastes and other
materials.
1858- Showed new cells came from the division of
old cells.
muscles, skin, hair, nails &
cell membranes