* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Peripheral Nervous System
Intracranial pressure wikipedia , lookup
Neuromuscular junction wikipedia , lookup
Syncope (medicine) wikipedia , lookup
Embodied cognitive science wikipedia , lookup
Neurotransmitter wikipedia , lookup
Microneurography wikipedia , lookup
Aging brain wikipedia , lookup
Neuropsychology wikipedia , lookup
Biochemistry of Alzheimer's disease wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Psychoneuroimmunology wikipedia , lookup
Neuroregeneration wikipedia , lookup
Haemodynamic response wikipedia , lookup
Endocannabinoid system wikipedia , lookup
Molecular neuroscience wikipedia , lookup
Clinical neurochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Neuroanatomy wikipedia , lookup
Stimulus (physiology) wikipedia , lookup
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PART ONE WHAT IS THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM? • WHILE THE CNS CONSISTS OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD, THE PNS CONSISTS OF THE NERVES EXTENDING OUTSIDE OF THE CNS. • THE PURPOSE OF THE PNS IS TO SEND INFORMATION TO AND FROM THE BRAIN TO THE REST OF THE BODY. AFFERENT NERVES VS. EFFERENT NERVES • AFFERENT NERVES SEND MESSAGES BACK TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SPINAL CORD) • EFFERENT NERVES TRANSMIT MESSAGES FROM THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SPINAL CORD) TO THE REST OF THE BODY SYSTEM (BRAIN AND SYSTEM (BRAIN AND SYMPATHETIC NERVES (FIGHT OR FLIGHT) • FACILITATE MOBILIZATION FOR QUICK ACTION. • THE CHEMICAL BEING USED • AFFECTS BY THE BODY IS NOREPINEPHRINE OR EPINEPHRINE. THE BODY BY: • INCREASING HEART RATE • CONSTRICTION OF BLOOD VESSELS • WIDENING AIRWAYS AND PASSAGES IN THE LUNGS PARASYMPATHETIC NERVES (FEED AND BREED) • DIRECT RESTORATIVE AND CONSERVATIVE PROCESSES • CHEMICAL BEING USED BY THE BODY IS ACETYLCHOLINE • AFFECTS THE BODY BY: • INCREASES MOVEMENT AND SECRETION IN THE GI TRACT • DECREASES HEART RATE • INCREASES MUCUS PRODUCTION IN THE LUNGS • DILATION OF BLOOD VESSELS BETA RECEPTORS • THERE ARE TWO DIFFERENT KINDS OF THESE IN THE BODY • B1- CARDIAC RECEPTORS • B2- RESPIRATORY RECEPTORS • EPINEPHRINE AND/OR NOREPINEPHRINE ACTIVATE THESE RECEPTORS COULD HAPPEN… • STRESS • FEAR • EXERCISE BEFORE SOMETHING WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THESE BETA RECEPTORS ARE ACTIVATED? • BETA 1: • INCREASE BLOOD PRESSURE • INCREASE HEART RATE • BETA 2 • AIRWAY DILATION SYMPATHOLYTIC AGENTS ALSO CALLED ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS • INHIBIT SIGNALS OF NOREPINEPHRINE OR EPINEPHRINE • THESE ARE PRIMARILY USED FOR TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION AND HEART ARRHYTHMIAS SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENTS ALSO KNOWN AS ADRENERGIC AGENTS • DIRECT ACTING: MIMIC THE EFFECTS OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND EPINEPHRINE BY COMBINING WITH RECEPTORS IN THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM. • INDIRECT ACTING: FACILITATE THE RELEASE OF NOREPINEPHRINE OR BLOCK THE REUPTAKE NOREPINEPHRINE IN THE NERVE. OF EXAMPLES OF DIRECT ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENTS Drug: Receptors it binds to: Treatment for: Phenylephrine Alpha-1 Nasal decongestion Clonidine (Catapress) Alpha-2 Blood pressure Albuterol (ProAir, Ventolin) Beta-2 Breathing Beta-Agonist Levalbuterol (Xopenex) Beta-2 Breathing Beta-Agonist Salmeterol (Serevent) Beta-2 Asthma Beta-Agonist • THESE ARE MIMICKING THE EFFECTS OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND EPINEPHRINE. Also known as: BETA BLOCKERS ALSO CALLED BETA ANTAGONISTS Brand Generic Inderal Propranolol Tenormin Atenolol Lopressor Metoprolol Corgard Nadolol Betapace Sotolol Sectral Acebutolol Zebeta Bisoprolol • BETA BLOCKERS INTERFERE WITH THE BINDING TO THE RECEPTOR OF EPINEPHRINE AND OTHER STRESS HORMONES, AND WEAKEN THE EFFECTS OF STRESS HORMONES, THUS, MEDIATING THE “FLIGHT OR FIGHT” RESPONSE. DECK THE HALLS WITH BETA BLOCKERS • DECK THE HALLS WITH BETA BLOCKERS • DECK THE HALLS WITH BETA BLOCKERS • -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL….. • -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL….. • I’LL LEARN TENORMIN IS ATENOLOL • I’LL LEARN LOPRESSOR • -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL….. • -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL….. • THESE ARE USED FOR HYPERTENSION • BETAPACE IS SOTOLOL, SECTRAL-ACEBUTOLOL • AND ON OCCASION, PUBLIC SPEAKING • -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL….. IS METOPROLOL