Download Peripheral Nervous System

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
PART ONE
WHAT IS THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?
• WHILE THE CNS CONSISTS OF THE BRAIN AND
SPINAL CORD, THE PNS CONSISTS OF THE
NERVES EXTENDING OUTSIDE OF THE CNS.
• THE PURPOSE OF THE PNS IS TO SEND
INFORMATION TO AND FROM THE BRAIN TO
THE REST OF THE BODY.
AFFERENT NERVES VS. EFFERENT NERVES
• AFFERENT NERVES SEND MESSAGES BACK TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS
SPINAL CORD)
• EFFERENT NERVES TRANSMIT MESSAGES FROM THE CENTRAL NERVOUS
SPINAL CORD) TO THE REST OF THE BODY
SYSTEM (BRAIN AND
SYSTEM (BRAIN AND
SYMPATHETIC NERVES (FIGHT OR FLIGHT)
• FACILITATE MOBILIZATION FOR QUICK ACTION.
• THE CHEMICAL BEING USED
• AFFECTS
BY THE BODY IS NOREPINEPHRINE OR EPINEPHRINE.
THE BODY BY:
• INCREASING HEART RATE
• CONSTRICTION OF BLOOD VESSELS
• WIDENING AIRWAYS AND PASSAGES IN THE LUNGS
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVES (FEED AND BREED)
• DIRECT RESTORATIVE
AND CONSERVATIVE PROCESSES
• CHEMICAL BEING USED BY THE BODY IS ACETYLCHOLINE
• AFFECTS
THE BODY BY:
• INCREASES MOVEMENT AND SECRETION IN THE GI TRACT
• DECREASES HEART RATE
• INCREASES MUCUS PRODUCTION IN THE LUNGS
• DILATION OF BLOOD VESSELS
BETA RECEPTORS
• THERE ARE TWO
DIFFERENT KINDS OF THESE IN THE BODY
• B1- CARDIAC RECEPTORS
• B2- RESPIRATORY RECEPTORS
• EPINEPHRINE AND/OR NOREPINEPHRINE ACTIVATE THESE RECEPTORS
COULD HAPPEN…
• STRESS
• FEAR
• EXERCISE
BEFORE SOMETHING
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THESE BETA RECEPTORS
ARE ACTIVATED?
• BETA 1:
• INCREASE BLOOD PRESSURE
• INCREASE HEART RATE
• BETA 2
• AIRWAY DILATION
SYMPATHOLYTIC AGENTS ALSO CALLED
ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS
• INHIBIT SIGNALS OF NOREPINEPHRINE OR EPINEPHRINE
• THESE ARE PRIMARILY USED
FOR TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION AND HEART ARRHYTHMIAS
SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENTS ALSO KNOWN AS
ADRENERGIC AGENTS
• DIRECT ACTING: MIMIC THE EFFECTS
OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND EPINEPHRINE BY COMBINING
WITH RECEPTORS IN THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM.
• INDIRECT ACTING: FACILITATE THE RELEASE OF NOREPINEPHRINE OR BLOCK THE REUPTAKE
NOREPINEPHRINE IN THE NERVE.
OF
EXAMPLES OF DIRECT ACTING
SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENTS
Drug:
Receptors it binds to:
Treatment for:
Phenylephrine
Alpha-1
Nasal decongestion
Clonidine (Catapress)
Alpha-2
Blood pressure
Albuterol (ProAir,
Ventolin)
Beta-2
Breathing
Beta-Agonist
Levalbuterol
(Xopenex)
Beta-2
Breathing
Beta-Agonist
Salmeterol (Serevent)
Beta-2
Asthma
Beta-Agonist
• THESE ARE MIMICKING THE EFFECTS
OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND EPINEPHRINE.
Also known as:
BETA BLOCKERS ALSO CALLED BETA ANTAGONISTS
Brand
Generic
Inderal
Propranolol
Tenormin
Atenolol
Lopressor
Metoprolol
Corgard
Nadolol
Betapace
Sotolol
Sectral
Acebutolol
Zebeta
Bisoprolol
• BETA BLOCKERS INTERFERE
WITH THE
BINDING TO THE RECEPTOR OF
EPINEPHRINE AND OTHER STRESS
HORMONES, AND WEAKEN THE EFFECTS
OF STRESS HORMONES, THUS, MEDIATING
THE “FLIGHT OR FIGHT” RESPONSE.
DECK THE HALLS WITH BETA BLOCKERS
• DECK THE HALLS WITH BETA BLOCKERS
• DECK THE HALLS WITH BETA BLOCKERS
• -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL…..
• -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL…..
• I’LL LEARN TENORMIN IS ATENOLOL
• I’LL LEARN LOPRESSOR
• -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL…..
• -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL…..
• THESE ARE USED FOR HYPERTENSION
• BETAPACE IS SOTOLOL, SECTRAL-ACEBUTOLOL
• AND ON OCCASION, PUBLIC SPEAKING
• -LOL –LOL –LOL –LOL…..
IS
METOPROLOL