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Comparing and Ordering
1. Scientific Notation – form to express really big or really small numbers (ex. 4.6x10²)
2. Ascending – from least to greatest
3. Descending – from greatest to least
4. Fraction – part of a whole
5. Percent – parts per 100
Perfect Square/ Square Root
1. Perfect Square – a number made by squaring a whole number
2. Square Root – the number that you multiply by itself to give a perfect square
3. Consecutive – numbers which follow each other in order, without gaps, from smallest to largest
Order of Operations
1. Expression – numbers, symbols, and operation symbols grouped together
2. Order of Operations – Grouping symbols, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, and
subtraction
3. Exponent – a number that says how many times you use that number in multiplication
4. Coefficient – the number being multiplied by a variable
5. Variable – a letter used to represent an unknown number
6. Constant – a number that stands alone
7. Substitute – to put in place of another
8. Simplify – to make less complex, easier
Real Number System
1. Real numbers – all numbers
2. Rational numbers – a number that can be made by dividing two integers; the decimal
terminates or repeats with a pattern
3. Irrational numbers – a number that cannot be made by dividing two integers; the decimal
never terminates of repeats with a pattern
4. Integers – whole numbers and their opposites
5. Whole numbers – the numbers zero to infinity; has no fractional part
6. Natural numbers – the counting numbers, 1 to infinity; has no fractional part
7. Subsets – a set that is part of a larger set
Combining Like Terms/ Distributive
1. Combine – to put together
2. Term – a piece of an expression that is separated by an operation symbol
3. Like Terms – terms that have the same variables raised to the same exponent
4. Distributive Property – multiplying a number by a group of numbers that are
added/subtracted together
Properties
1. Commutative Property – you can switch the order of the numbers around when you add or
multiply and you get the same answer
2. Associative Property – it doesn’t matter how you group the numbers when you add or multiply
3. Additive Identity – adding zero to a number leaves it unchanged
4. Multiplicative Identity – multiplying a number by one leaves it unchanged
5. Multiplicative Property of Zero – any number multiplied by zero equals zero
6. Additive Inverse – a number plus its opposite equals zero
7. Multiplicative Inverse – any number multiplied by its reciprocal equals one
Solving Equations
1. Equation – states that two expressions are equal
2. Equal – the same
3. Sum – the answer to an addition problem
4. Product – the answer to a multiplication problem
5. Quotient – the answer to a division problem
Ratios and Proportions
1. Proportion – two ratios are equal to each other
2. Ratio – comparison of two quantities
3. Numerator – the top part of a fraction
4. Denominator – the bottom part of a fraction
5. Cross Product – the answer when we multiply the numerator of each ratio by the denominator
of the other ratio
6. Cross Multiplication – the method of when we multiply the numerator of each ratio by the
denominator of the other ratio
Consumer Applications
1. Percent of Change – the percent that a quantity increases or decreases
2. Deposit – money put into a bank account
3. Withdrawal – money taken out of a bank account
4. Discount – a percent off of the original price. It is the original price minus the discount
5. Mark-Up – a raise in the price of an item for sale
6. Sale Price – the cost of an item on sale
7. Sales Tax – the percent of money added on to a total that goes to the government
8. Tip – the percent of money added on to a bill that is given for a service
9. Simple Interest – I = prt
10. Principal – the amount of money that is borrowed or invested
11. Rate – the percent determined by the bank
12. Time (when it comes to interest) – has to be expressed in years (if given in months you must
turn it into a fraction)
Functions
1. Discrete – distinct, individual points
2. Continuous – keeps going without any holes or breaks
3. Domain – all the x-values
4. Range – all the y-values
5. Linear – a straight line
6. Function – Each input has a single output
7. Input – the values substituted into a function
8. Output – the value changed by the input
9. Slope – the steepness of a line
10. Y-intercept – the point where a line crosses the y-axis