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Transcript
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report and Cities’ Role in Climate Solutions Amanda Campbell COG Staff ACPAC November 18, 2013 1 IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change • Established 1988 by World Meteorological Organization & United Nations • Provides decision-makers with rigorous, balanced scientific information on climate change and its potential impacts • Thousands of scientists worldwide contribute; 195 member countries participate 2 Latest IPCC Report: Fifth Assessment Climate Science: Summary for Policymakersreleased Sept. 2013 • Last version published 2007 • 800 scientists contributed 3 Key Point 1: Confidence Warming of the climate system is unequivocal. There is >95% likelihood that human influence is the dominant cause of warming since 1950. 4 Key Point 2: Unprecedented Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia. 1) Atmospheric and ocean warming 2) Diminished snow and ice 3) Sea level rise Many impacts are happening more quickly than previously predicted. 5 Recent ‘pause’ in warming 6 Heat content in oceans, land, ice, atmosphere 7 Key Point 3: Intense weather Climate change is creating more frequent and more intense weather events • • • • • Heat Waves Drought Intense tropical cyclones Heavy precipitation High sea level 1. DC Flood Aug. 2001 2. Haiyan 2013 3. Summer 2012 8 Key Point 4: Carbon budget The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed that 2C of warming is the necessary maximum to prevent the most dangerous impacts. Business as usual will lead far 2C of warming beyond – At this rate, the world will exhaust its ‘carbon budget’ in 30 years 9 Key Point 5: Emissions To avoid more than 2C of warming, global emissions must fall to 50% below 1990 levels by 2050. • COG goal is aligned: 80% below 2005 levels by 2050 CEEPC’s work is important 10 Next Steps • UN Climate Change Conference – Warsaw Nov 11-22, 2013 – Paris 2015 World Wildlife Fund 11 Scientific American: Can Cities Solve Climate Change? 12 Cities and Climate Change • Cities are responsible for 2/3 of worldwide greenhouse gases • Emissions from buildings, land use, transportation, solid waste, water utilities, and electricity are at least partially under city government control 13 Cities are efficient GHG Emissions from Gasoline http://htaindex.cnt.org/map/ 14 Cities are the Right Scale for Action • Cities can respond faster than National and International groups • Cities add 65 million people annually worldwide • Cities experience climate impacts; Cities are the appropriate scale at which to prepare for climate change New York City during Hurricane Sandy; Creative Commons, 2012 15 How Cities Combat Climate Change • Attract people & businesses with transit oriented development, housing diversity, and mixed use urban design • Provide transportation choices • Promote efficient buildings • Increase renewable energy • Protect tree canopy; mitigate floods; capture rainwater 16 More information… • World Resources Institute: 5 Major Takeaways from the IPCC Report on Global Climate Change • Scientific American: Can Cities Solve Climate Change? • The Economist: The IPCC Climate-Change Report • IPCC Fifth Assessment Report - Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis - Summary for Policymakers 17
