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Submitted by: Sara Adel AlMousa 200900365 Submitted to: Dr: Nadia Ahmed Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University Writing and Research, COMM 1312 Due Date: Sept. 26, 2012 What Is Global Warming? Global warming means increase in the temperature in the earth atmosphere and this leads to increase in the global warming and we don’t know yet for how long the global warming will continue. To get a better understanding of global warming, it is important to understand the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is rise in temperatures caused by absorption of the Sun's heat and light by the Earth's surface (forest, deserts, glaciers, etc.), which then is reflected back and surrounded within the Earth's atmosphere. Greenhouse gases help to keep the Earth warm, and this is the reason why lives on Earth has existed, and still grow well. However, with increase in gases like carbon dioxide, ozone, nitrous oxide, and water vapor in the atmosphere, as a result to growing environmental pollution; industrial, domestic, and loss of grass land and rain forest, Earth has become nearly 14% hotter than what it used to be 50 years ago. What Are the Main Causes of Global Warming? The atmosphere has a natural supply of (CO2) and other gases. The carbon dioxide gases capture heat and create a warming effect on the surface of the Earth. This warming effect is similar to warming inside a greenhouse; so, it became known as the “greenhouse effect it would just be a frozen wasteland. Before the Industrial Revolution, natural emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases matched what could be removed. When the greenhouse gas emissions and removal were balanced, the greenhouse outcome was accepted. It kept the Earth just warm enough to be habitable. And also larger amounts of emissions were caused by humans together with oils, coal, and natural gases and that leads to increase in the temperature of earth beyond the earth capacity to remove them. After the Industrial Revolution, gradually larger amounts of greenhouse gases (gases which trap the sun's heat inside them and do not allow it to escape, thus it increases the temperature) released by the factories, automobiles and other human activities add to the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. As a result, the greenhouse gases are building up beyond the Earth’s natural capacity to remove them.. Global warming has increased the temperature of the Earth by about one degree Fahrenheit over the past century. Why should an increase of one degree Fahrenheit matter to us? It is clear that one degree can cause change the environment but if we make comparison between our modern age and the ice age we will find that the difference is 9 degrees Fahrenheit This increase in global warming can cause a dramatic shift in our climate that can have devastating consequences… NOT just for the environment, but for our way of life. What Are the Effects of Global Warming? Global warming of the Earth's atmosphere is caused due to increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These greenhouse gases are mostly produced as a result of human activity. By burning more and more fossil fuels, human activities are adding CO2 much faster than the Earth’s natural capacity can remove. CO2 is the main pollutant of global warming. Studies have shown that even small changes in CO2 levels lead to significant changes in average global temperature. The growing levels of CO2 have been responsible for the rise of temperature on earth. As the levels of CO2 climb, the world warms up, the temperature rise may appear small, but small rises in temperature translate into big changes for the world's climate. What Are the Dangers of Global Warming? Many concerns and dangers associated with global warming and the resulting changes in climate around the world. Dangers of Sea Level Rising One of the most noticeable effects of climate change has been melting of masses of ice around the world which resulted in rising sea level at 1/10 inch each year. The impacts of rising sea level can include, flooding of cities, displacement of the people and loss of coastal ecosystems. Dangers of Infectious Diseases Spreading Global warming may increase the infection rates of mosquito-borne diseases by creating a more mosquito-friendly habitat. Global warming could increase the spread of malaria, dengue fever and yellow fever. According to the World Health Organization, malaria has already spread to higher altitudes in places like the Columbian Andes, which is 7000 feet above sea level. Dangers of Global Warming On Ecosystems The world's ecosystems are in high danger from the effects of global warming. Many things are contributing to the loss of the ecosystem's species, plants, and water. With global warming on the rise, decreasing. species The effects and on habitats the are Earth's ecosystem could be devastating. All plants and animals everywhere will be affected in some way. Dangers of Disappearing Glaciers and Ice Pack When temperatures rise, ice melts, more water flows to the seas from glaciers and ice caps, and ocean water warms and expands in volume. This combination of effects has played the major role in raising average global sea level between four and eight inches (10 and 20 centimeters). With melting ocean ice cover, wildlife and humans will be seriously affected. Walruses and polar bears have been observed to be thin and in poor condition due in part to the melting sea ice. Deadly Heat Waves Are More Likely and More Frequent As a result of global warming, the heat wave that marked Eastern Europe in 2010, killing thousands of people, was the worst since records began and led to the warmest summer on the continent for at least 500 years. In August 2003, a staggering 27,000 people in England, France, Germany and other parts of Europe died from the heat wave. More than 14,000 people died in France alone. Survivors of the heat wave also suffered from dehydration, heat stroke, advanced stages of shock and fevers as well as irreversible brain damage. Destructive Hurricanes Are More Likely and More Frequent Research Meteorologists found that the temperature changes brought on by global warming are significant enough to cause an increase in the occurrence of severe storms & hurricanes. http://hernadi-key.blogspot.com/2009/05/causes-effects-and-dangers-of-global.html http://www.climate.org/topics/sea-level/index.html http://www.buzzle.com/articles/global-warming-effects-on-earth.html