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Transcript
The New Alchemy By Michael McClure The New Alchemy Who Were the Players? Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space (volume). Energy is not matter. Periodic table – arrangement of elements, based on their properties Atom – a particle of matter often thought of as a small, hard sphere Isotope – same chemical element, but with a different number of neutrons Electron – one of the parts of an atom. Electrons have a negative (-) charge and surround the nucleus. Stunning Discovery Mass – a measure of the amount of matter Protons – one of the parts of an atom. Protons have a (+) charge and are found in the nucleus. Neutrons – one of the parts of an atom. Neutrons have no charge and are found in the nucleus. Nucleus – found in the center of an atom. It contains protons and neutrons. Nuclei is the plural of nucleus. Nuclear fusion – combining more than one nuclei Element – a substance that can’t be broken down Synthesize – the combining of two or more substances to make one Nuclear fission – opposite of nuclear fusion. Splitting of the nucleus of an atom into smaller parts The Search Went On Half life – time required for half the atoms of a radioactive material to decay Periodic Table Transition elements – an element that is found in the center of the periodic table that is a metal Lanthanides – Elements having atomic numbers 58-71 Atomic number – the number of protons in an atom Radioactivity Radioactivity – breaking down of atomic nuclei Alpha emission – type of decay that gives off an alpha particle (helium nucleus) Beta decay – type of decay in which an electron with a positive or negative charge is given off Positron emission – type of beta decay Electron capture – type of decay where an electron is added to the nucleus Ion – an atom which has a charge (i.e., Cl-1) Alpha particle – particle given off during alpha emission (a helium nucleus) Artificial Isotope Neutron emission – a type of decay where a neutron is ejected from the nucleus
