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Download I can: State that the CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord
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Transcript
I can: State that the CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord Describe the function of the CNS as processing information from the senses and bringing about appropriate responses State that the CNS allows communication between cells in a multicellular organism. State that a stimulus is a change in conditions and is detected by receptors. Describe the role of sensory neurons as passing information to the CNS. Describe the role of motor neurons as enabling a response to occur. State that responses brought about by the CNS may be fast, such as those from a muscle or slow, such as those from a gland. Explain that reflex actions are fast automatic responses which require no input from the brain. Describe examples of reflex actions, for example the pupil of the eye becoming smaller in bright light to protect the sensitive cells at the back of the eye from damage Explain that reflex actions are important to protect the body form harm Describe a reflex are as the passage of an impulse from a sensory neuron, across a relay neuron to a motor neuron State that electrical impulses move along neurons Describe a synapse as a gap between neurons that allows chemicals to transfer form one neuron to another. State that hormones are chemical messengers State that endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream where they travel to target tissues State that target tissues have cells with special receptors for the hormones on their surface Explain that only tissues with a corresponding receptor will be affected by a specific hormone. State that a change in blood glucose levels is detected by the pancreas State that glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver Explain that when blood glucose level increases, the pancreas releases more insulin, which travels to the liver where it activates enzymes in the liver cells to convert glucose into glycogen Explain that when the blood glucose level decreases, the pancreas releases more glucagon, which travels to the liver where it activates enzymes in the liver cells to convert glycogen into glucose. Describe type 1 diabetes as a disease caused by lack of insulin causing high blood glucose levels, treated by injecting insulin Describe type 2 diabetes as a disease caused by lack of response to insulin causing high blood glucose levels treated by diet and exercise Explain that it is important to control blood glucose levels since, if they are high, they can cause damage to blood vessels and affect the functioning of the eyes and kidneys in particular State that uncontrolled blood glucose levels can cause problems with osmosis in cells.