Download Climate Change Toolbox Training

CLIMATE CONSIDERATIONS
Module 1
Hello.
Sam
Carrie
Jason
Jill
Name
Where are you from?
Where did you experience your
worst storm?
Where would you want to
retire?
CLIMATE CHANGE 101
AIR TRANSPORT
THAWING PERMAFROST
COAL PLANTS
CROP BURNING
COAL MINING
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
OIL PRODUCTION
FERTILIZATION
FOREST BURNING
LAND TRANSPORTATION
INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE
LANDFILLS
Global Carbon Emissions from Fossil Fuels
Million Metric Tons of Carbon
10000
7500
5000
2500
0
1850
1875
1900
1925
1950
1975
2000
We Each Have a Carbon Footprint

Per capita carbon emissions
Our Household Carbon Footprint
Broward County’s Footprint
24,600,000 metric tons of CO2 per year
2000 Years of CO2 and Global Temperature
As CO2 Increases, So Does the Temperature
Temperature
CO2 Concentration
0 AD
0 AD
500
500
1000
1000
1500
1500
2000
2000
0 AD
0 AD
500
500
1000
1500
1000
2000
1500
2000
National and International Science Reports
Global Temperature by Decade
1881 – 2010
Global Temperature (°C)
14.5
58ºF
14.2
14.0
Average
13.7
13.4
56ºF
32°
33°
Thermal Expansion of the Oceans
An increasing amount of heat is being captured in the oceans
Capturing Heat
Heat Content
Shallow Ocean
Deep
Above Ocean
Releasing Heat
1960
2010
Global sea level has risen 3 inches
in last 23 years (since 1992)
NASA report – August 2015
Causing Bigger, Harder Downpours, and Simultaneously
Causing Longer and Deeper DROUGHTS
1
Evaporation from
the ocean into the atmosphere
increases even MORE
2
As the air gets even warmer, it can
hold even MORE water vapor
3
Heavy downpours get even heavier,
causing worse flooding
4
Snowpacks melt earlier in the year, leading
to more spring flooding, but less water in
the heat of summer
5
There
longer
intervals
in droughtThere are
are longer
intervals
in drought-stricken
areas between
droughts
stricken
areasdownpours,
between making
downpours,
EVEN WORSE
making
droughts EVEN WORSE
6
More
water
also
evaporates
More water
also
evaporates
MOREMORE
QUICKLY
from the soil,from
making
deeper
QUICKLY
theDROUGHTS
soil, making
and longer still deeper and longer still
DROUGHTS
Climate Equality
• Climate trends differ by
region
• Some people are more
vulnerable
• Some communities lack
resources to invest in
resilience
Activity
“Climate Dice”
LOCAL IMPACTS
Impacts in South Florida
Sea Level Rise
Over the next 15 years, sea level will rise 3 to 5 inches.
2 feet by
2060
Drinking Water Supply
Impacts
Undergroun
d Aquifer
1994
1996
2009
2014
6
miles
Rising groundwater levels
20-year trend
> 1 foot increase
Tidal Flooding
Highest King Tides: September-November
 1 foot above typical high tide
 2 to 24 days per year
By 2030: 45 days
By 2045: >200 days
2015 High Tide Flooding:
Extensive News Coverage
High tides now
regularly flood parts
of Miami Beach,
Florida
© 2013 Chris Julin/BURN + SoundVision Productions CC BY 3.0
December 7, 2015
Miami, FL
Severe Weather and Flooding
Hollywood, FL
16.2 inches, 1:100 yr
December 2009
Predicted increase
in intensity
of tropical storms
Boynton Beach, FL
22.2 inches, 1:1000 yr
January 2014
Increased Beach Erosion
from High Tide Events and Storms
Potential for loss of
turtle nesting habitat
and impacts
to reefs
A1A in November 2012, after erosion from
Tropical Storm Sandy and Thanksgiving storm
Rainfall & Storms
Less rain overall, change in patterns
Increased intensity of storms
Statistical models:
• 20% reduction across all
seasons
Dynamic models:
• 50% reduction for single
Broward Rainfall/ Storm Summary
summer month
1999
(mm/d)
2014
Temperature Changes
HEAT WAVE
Above
95ºF
Temperature
Variation
11 days
5°F
Data: 2011, 2013
75
days
Elevated temperatures can lead to increased energy consumption,
increase in emissions, health and comfort impacts and impaired water
quality.
December 2015 Heat Wave
Heat + Humidity
Extreme Danger
Increasing Likelihood of Drought
Lake Okeechobee, FL
May 2007
GLOBAL / NATIONAL / REGIONAL
ALIGNMENT
Global/National/Regional Alignment
Paris Agreement
 President’s Climate Action Plan
 Prepare for the impacts of
climate change
 Broward County Goals

Paris Agreement
Truly global
 Limit warming to 2 degrees
Celsius, aim for 1.5 degrees

 Planet has already warmed by
about 1 degree
President’s Climate Action Plan
Cut carbon pollution 26-28% below
2005 levels by 2025
 Prepare for the impacts of climate
change

 State, Local, and Tribal Leaders Task Force
 Federal flood standards

Lead international efforts

County has endorsed and participated
Southeast Florida
Regional Climate Change Compact
 2009
agreement among Broward, Palm Beach, Miami-Dade, and
Monroe Counties to work together on climate change issues
 Partnerships with many stakeholders, including cities
 Four commitments
 State and federal advocacy
 Annual summits
 Regional tools – e.g., unified
sea level rise projection
 Regional Climate Action Plan
Technical
Assistance,
Funding
Federal
..
..
2 Regional
Planning
Councils
50 year
7 County
Prosperity
Plan
Miami-d
Regional
Climate
Action Plan
4 Counties
County
level
Climate Change
Action Plan
Local
Mitigation
Strategy
City level
Aligning Regionally
• Sustainability Plan
• Capital Improvement
Plan
• Comprehensive Plan
Land
Use
Plan
COUNTY INITIATIVES TO DATE
A History of Leadership
2007
2009
2011
2013
2014
2014
Signed U.S. Mayors’ Climate Protection Agreement
Formed Regional Compact
Unified Sea Level Rise Projection
Served on White House Task Force on Climate Preparedness and
Resilience
Achieved 4-STAR Community Sustainability Rating
Named Climate Action Champion – White House, Department of
Energy
Core Elements
Policy
• Climate Change Element, GHG reduction goal
Planning
• Climate Change Action Plan, Energy Plans
Modeling & Analysis
• Vulnerabilities and risk
Support
• Decision-makers and stakeholders
Implementation
• Projects and Investments
Broward County Goals
 General

goal
80 percent reduction in greenhouse gases countywide by 2050
 Resolution


 We
adopted by Commission in 2014
20 percent reduction in electricity use in county facilities
20 percent of electricity from renewable sources
can meet these goals and go further!
Comprehensive Plan, Land Use Plan,
Climate Action Plan
Risk Modeling
Climate Vulnerability
Groundwater
Modeling/
Surface Water
Inundation Modeling
(USGS)
Coming Soon
3D Flood
Visualization
(NEMAC
UNC)
Coastal Flood Modeling
(Surge + Sea Level Rise)
Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory
Percentage of GHG
Emissions by Source
2011-2014
Other
3%
Commercial
14%
Residential
16%
Upstream
Impacts
21%
Transportation
46%
Upstream Impacts:
Fuel Production and
Transport
Other:
• Wastewater
• Agriculture
• Industrial
• Solid Waste
Emission Trends
Million Tonnes of CO2e
30
25
20
23.6
25.0
24.7
22.3
22.2
24.3
24.6
15
10
GOAL
5
4.7
0
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
Year
2013
2014
2050
Natural Resource Resilience
Green
Infrastructure
Analysis
Offset Carbon
Emissions from
Local Events
Dune Re-vegetation
Infrastructure Resilience
Facilities
Roads/
Drainage
Intrusion/ Inundation
Modeling
Community Solar
Demonstration
Project
*not
actual
Critical Infrastructure
Energy
Utilities
Community Resilience
EPA RESES Grant
Healthy Communities
Zone Grant
4 STAR
Seal of
Sustainability
DASEES
Holistic Resilience
Decision Tool
Health, Safety,
Community Links
Sustainability Stewards
Economic Resilience
Damage Costs,
Adaptation B/C ratios
Robust
Decision
Making
Structure & Timing of
Adaptation Investments
Disruption Tolerance
Resilient Redesign
• Models of Resilience for
redevelopment
• 3 day design workshops
• Sites:
• Miami Beach, West Dade,
Dania Beach
• Delray Beach, Hollywood,
Key West
BREAK