Download In prokaryotes, replication, transcription, and translation take place

1
Created by Boundless
In prokaryotes, replication, transcription, and translation take place in:
A
the cytoplasm
B
the rough endoplasmic reticulum
C
the chromosomes
D
the nucleus
2
Created by Boundless
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology states that genetic information flows in
which of the following sequences?
A
RNA to DNA to protein.
B
Protein to DNA to RNA.
C
Protein to RNA to DNA.
D
DNA to RNA to protein.
3
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How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons?
A
48
B
12
C
24
D
4
36
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A particular DNA sequence reads TCGAGGTCACCG. A mutation occurs in which
the first "A" in the sequence is deleted. What will happen to the protein produced?
A
The first, third, and fourth amino acids will be correct, but
the second amino acid will be wrong.
B
The first two amino acids will be wrong, but the third and
fourth amino acids will be correct.
C
The first amino acid will be wrong, but the last three will be
correct.
D
The first amino acid will be correct, but every amino acid
after that will be wrong.
5
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Where is a promoter located relative to the initiation site?
A
Upstream of the initiation site
B
Downwind of the initiation site
C
Upwind of the initiation site
D
Downstream of the initiation site
6
Created by Boundless
Transcription termination is caused by:
A
the transcription bubble.
B
the rho protein or a stable hairpin.
C
RNA polymerase.
D
40 nucleotides.
7
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Transcription elongation begins:
A
when RNA polymerase collides with the rho protein.
B
when a stable hairpin forms.
C
when the RNA polymerase σ subunit dissociates.
D
when translation ends.
8
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Transcription begins in a region where the DNA helix is partially unwound. What is
this region of unwinding called?
9
A
Genetic code
B
Template strand
C
Transcription bubble
D
DNA plasmid
Created by Boundless
If a mutation occurs in the promoter sequence of a gene, which of the following
will occur?
A
The DNA will not be fed through the RNAP correctly
B
RNAP cannot bind to the DNA and transcription will not
occur
C
The RNAP will keep slipping, producing truncated
transcripts and elongation will not occur
D
RNAP will bind to the wrong site of the DNA and transcribe
the wrong gene
10
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What are the three major steps of transcription?
A
Nucleus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Ribosome
B
Initiation, Elongation, Termination
C
DNA, mRNA, protein
D
RNA Polymerase I, RNA Polymerase II, RNA Polymerase III
11
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A major feature of RNA Polymerase II termination is:
A
a DNA-histone complex
B
the rho protein
C
a nucleosome
D
a poly-A tail
12
Created by Boundless
Which RNA Polymerase is responsible for transcription of eukaryotic genes that
ultimately become proteins?
A
RNA Polymerase III
B
RNA Polymerase I
C
RNA Polymerase II
D
RNA Polymerase V
13
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Which of the following accurately outlines the order of mRNA processing following
transcription?
A
The 5' cap is added first, followed by the poly(A) tail, and
finally the pre-mRNA is spliced.
B
The poly(A) tail is added first, followed by adding the 5'
cap, and finally the pre-mRNA is spliced.
C
The 5' cap is added first, followed by splicing the premRNA, and finally the poly(A) tail is added.
D
The pre-mRNA is spliced first, followed by adding the 5'
cap, and finally the poly(A) tail is added.
14
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How many types of rRNA are there?
A
4
B
8
C
6
D
2
15
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Which of the following is NOT a role of the ribosome during translation?
A
bind mRNA
B
bind tRNA
C
catalyze reaction with peptidyl transferase
D
read amino acids
16
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During translation, the completed peptide chain exits the ribosome through the
A
P site.
B
A site.
C
small subunit.
D
E site.
17
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Which of the following about tRNAs is true?
A
Elongation factors charge tRNAs with amino acids at the 3'
end.
B
tRNA molecules can be charged with any amino acid.
C
Charged tRNAs bind to mRNA through three nucleotide
base pairing.
D
Each organism only expresses one tRNA molecule for
translation.
18
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the role ribosomes play in
protein synthesis?
A
Ribosomes transport mRNA chains from the nucleus to the
cytoplasm.
B
Ribosomes load amino acids onto tRNAs.
C
Ribosomes read mRNA and use tRNAs to produce
peptides and proteins.
D
Ribosomes carry individual amino acids and load them
onto growing peptide chains.
19
Created by Boundless
Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, tetracycline
blocks the A site on the bacterial ribosome. What specific effect would you expect
this antibiotic to have on protein synthesis?
A
Tetracycline would directly affect ribosome assembly.
B
Tetracycline would directly affect growth of the protein
chain.
C
Tetracycline would directly affect tRNA binding to the
ribosome.
D
All of these answers.
20
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Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, chloramphenicol
blocks peptidyl transfer. What specific effect would you expect this antibiotic to
have on protein synthesis?
A
Chloramphenicol would directly affect tRNA binding to the
ribosome.
B
All of these answers.
C
Chloramphenicol would directly affect ribosome assembly.
D
Chloramphenicol would directly affect growth of the protein
chain.
21
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Why is it critical that an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase recognizes a specific tRNA
molecule?
A
Each tRNA must be properly folded by a tRNA synthetase
enzyme
B
Each tRNA needs to be labeled at the 5' terminus with the
correct anti-codon
C
A tRNA will not bind to the ribosome without its
corresponding tRNA synthetase
D
A tRNA with the proper anti-codon sequence must be
charged with the correct amino acid
22
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All of the following post-translational events are critical for proper protein function
EXCEPT:
A
folding of the protein into the proper three-dimensional
structure
B
targeting of the protein to a subcellular location
C
chemical modification of amino acid residues
D
denaturation of the protein to disconnect it from the
ribosome