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Name
Date:
Ms. Golub & Ms. Sahar
Unit 2- Test #1
1. The interaction between guard cells and a leaf
opening would not be involved in
A)
B)
C)
D)
diffusion of carbon dioxide
maintaining homeostasis
heterotrophic nutrition
feedback mechanisms
2. The use of CO2 and H2O by a geranium plant to
synthesize glucose illustrates the process of
A)
B)
C)
D)
autotrophic nutrition
heterotrophic nutrition
protein production
carbohydrate hydrolysis
3. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
The diagram represents some processes occurring in the leaf of a plant.
Which equation illustrates a process of nutrition carried out within the leaf?
A) B + D
C) B + C
A+C
A+D
B) A + C
A+B+D
D) A + B + D
B+C
4. The diagram below represents a change in guard cells that open and close pores in a plant.
This change directly helps to
A) increase heterotrophic nutrition
C) regulate water loss
B) absorb minerals
D) reduce seed production
5. The diagram below represents a cross section of a
plant structure.
8. Glucose molecules are the building blocks of what
class of macromolecule?
A) Proteins
C) Nucleotides
B) Lipids
D) Carbohydrates
9. In plants, simple sugars are least likely to be
A)
B)
C)
D)
Which letter indicates the region where most
autotrophic nutrition takes place?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
6. Scientists studying ocean organisms are discovering
new and unusual species. Which observation could be
used to determine that an ocean organism is a plant
cell?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Chloroplasts are visible inside the cells.
Digestive organs are visible upon dissection.
The organism lives close to the surface.
The organism makes molecules that help digest
food.
7. Water is classified as an inorganic compound
because it
A)
B)
C)
D)
does not contain carbon
does not contain nitrogen
contains hydrogen
contains oxygen
linked together to form proteins
broken down into carbon dioxide and water
used as a source of energy
stored in the form of starch molecules
10. Some structural formulas of organic molecules are
shown below.
14. In living organisms, lipids function mainly as
A) sources of stored energy and transmitters of
genetic information
B) sources of stored energy and components of
cellular membranes
C) transmitters of genetic information and
catalysts of chemical reactions
D) catalysts of chemical reactions and components
of cellular membranes
15. Base your answer to the following question on the
chart below which gives incomplete information
about certain biochemical reactions and on your
knowledge of biology.
Which structural formulas represent carbohydrate
molecules?
A) 1 and 5
C) 3 and 2
B) 2 and 4
D) 4 and 3
11. Which process is represented by the reactions
illustrated in the diagram below?
The enzyme represented by letter C is known as
A) ATPase
C) sucrase
B) lipase
D) amylase
16. Amino acids are the building blocks of which class
of macromolecules?
A)
B)
C)
D)
hydrolysis
dehydration synthesis
chemical digestion
absorption
12. What are the end products of the hydrolysis of a
polysaccharide?
A) simple sugars
C) fatty acids
B) amino acids
D) nucleotides
A) Proteins
C) Carbohydrates
B) Lipids
D) Nucleotides
17. Enzymes are produced as a direct result of which
process?
A)
B)
C)
D)
protein synthesis
photosynthesis
respiration
enzymatic hydrolysis
18. The function of most proteins depends primarily on
the
13. What is the major component of plasma membranes?
A) type and order of amino acids
A) Lipids
B) Carbohydrates
B) environment of the organism
C) Nucleotides
D) Proteins
C) availability of starch molecules
D) nutritional habits of the organism
19. Which organic molecule is correctly paired with an
end product of its digestion?
A)
B)
C)
D)
nucleic acid-glycerol
carbohydrate-fatty acid
protein-amino acid
lipid-nucleotide
20. Compound X increases the rate of the reaction
shown below.
Compound X is most likely
A) an enzyme
C) an indicator
B) a lipid molecule
D) an ADP molecule
21. Base your answer to the following question on
the diagram below, which represents a chemical reaction that occurs in the human body, and on your
knowledge of biology.
Which statement describes a characteristic of molecule Z?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Molecule Z will function at any temperature above 20°C.
Molecule Z is composed of a string of molecular bases represented by A, T, G, and
Molecule Z will function best at a specific pH.
Molecule Z is not specific, so this reaction can be controlled by any other chemical in the body.
22. Experiments revealed the following information
about a certain molecule:
— It can be broken down into amino acids.
— It can break down proteins into amino acids.
— It is found in high concentrations in the small
intestine of humans.
This molecule is most likely
A)
B)
C)
D)
an enzyme
an inorganic compound
a hormone
an antigen
23. Base your answer to the following question on
the information and graph below and on your knowledge of biology.
The pH of the internal environment of lysosomes (organelles that contain digestive enzymes)
is approximately 4.5, while the pH of the surrounding cytoplasm is approximately 7. The average
pH of the human stomach during digestion is approximately 2.5, while the average pH of the
small intestine during digestion is about 8.
The graph below shows how pH affects the enzyme activity of four different enzymes, A, B, C,
and D.
Which enzyme functions best in a pH environment most similar to that of human stomach enzymes?
A) A
B) B
C) C
24. Chemicals that help chemical reactions occur at
faster rates in living organisms are known as
A) biotic resources
B) simple sugars
C) oxygen molecules D) organic catalysts
D) D
25. The distortion (change in shape) of enzyme
molecules which occurs at high temperatures is
known as
A) synthesis
C) replication
B) specificity
D) denaturation
26. Which factor would have the least effect on the rate
at which an enzyme breaks down starch?
A) the pH of the solution in which the reaction is
occurring
B) the concentrations of starch and enzyme
C) the temperature at which the reaction is taking
place
D) the wavelength of light illuminating the
reaction
27. An enzyme and four different molecules are shown
in the diagram below.
Which molecules would this enzyme most likely
affect in a reaction?
A)
B)
C)
D)
molecule A, only
molecule C, only
molecules B and D
molecules A and C
28. The enzyme salivary amylase will act on starch, but
not on protein. This action illustrates that salivary
amylase
A)
B)
C)
D)
contains starch
is not reusable
is chemically specific
lacks protein
29. In the enzyme-controlled reaction represented by the
word equation below, which molecules are
considered the substrate?
monosaccharide + monosaccharide
water
A)
B)
C)
D)
disaccharide +
monosaccharide and monosaccharide
disaccharide and water
monosaccharide and water
monosaccharide and disaccharide
30. Base your answer to the following question on
the information below and your knowledge of Biology.
Nutrients in a diet, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and minerals, play an important role in
homeostasis within the human body. Lack of these nutrients can lead to malfunctions that disrupt this
internal balance. Explain how diet can influence homeostasis. In your answer, be sure to:
Describe, using one specific example, how a decrease in this nutrient can alter homeostasis
Nutrient: ________________________________
31. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
If the sequence of building blocks were changed, what effect could it most likely have on the protein?
32. The diagram below represents stages in the digestion of an organic compound.
Explain why substance X would not be likely to digest a different organic compound.
Answer Key
Unit 2- Photosyn/macros/enzymes
1.
C
2.
A
3.
B
4.
C
5.
B
6.
A
7.
A
8.
D
9.
A
10.
A
11.
B
12.
A
13.
A
14.
B
15.
B
16.
A
17.
A
18.
A
19.
C
20.
A
21.
C
22.
A
23.
A
24.
D
25.
D
26.
D
27.
B
28.
C
29.
A
30.
— Decreased levels
of carbohydrates
might result in
fatigue/less energy.
— Lack of protein
in the diet might
lead to muscle
loss/enzyme
deficiency. — Lack
of minerals might
cause loss of bone
density.
31.
— The shape of the
protein could
change. — The
function of the
protein could be
different. — It might
form a different
protein.
32.
Examples: — A
different organic
compound would
have a different
shape. — A
different organic
compound would
not fit with
substance X. — The
active site of X does
not fit a different
substrate. —
Substance X is
specific to only
certain materials.