Download Reading Guide for Essay Name What Happens to the Food You Eat

Reading Guide for Essay
Name
What Happens to the Food You Eat?
Name the 3 biological molecules that make up cells (and therefore all life!), serve as an energy source for the body, and
that we can obtain from food. These 3 major molecules are:
,
, and
List and draw the polymers and monomers of each major molecule, and explain some functions.
Name of
Molecule
Polymer, drawn
Monomer, drawn
Functions in living organisms
List 2-3 functions:
Example: _________________________
Example: _______________________
List 2-3 functions:
Example: _________________________
Example: _______________________
List 2-3 functions:
Example: _________________________
Example: _______________________
Read the essay, What Happens to the Food You Eat? on p.334 of our textbook. As you read, address the following:
1.
2.
Our brain’s hypothalamus receives signals from the body when what decreases in our bloodstream?
Our brain (the hypothalamus, specifically) responds by triggering the release of what, into the stomach?
Paraphrase what the above 2 questions mean:
3.
Why is it important that we chew our food?
Draw a large piece of food and the same piece of food chewed up into bits. Draw arrows on the chewed up food showing the increased
surface area to which more enzymes can now come into contact.
4.
After chewing and mechanically breaking down food, how are large molecules broken down into smaller ones?
5.
These special proteins (enzymes) speed up chemical reactions that normally would take a long time (forever!). What
molecules do enzymes act on, and therefore break down?
Draw what an enzyme-substrate complex looks like to you, based on the
questions/answers above or your prior knowledge:
6.
Observe Figure E.78 on pg. 334.
a. What enzyme is used in the mouth?
b. What enzyme is used in the stomach?
c. What 3 enzymes are used in the small intestine?
,
,
And they break down:
d.
7.
What molecule does it break down?
What molecule does it break down?
, and
, and
What 3 monomers are released into the bloodstream after these enzymes have broken down the large molecules?
,
, and
Finish the rest of the essay. List 3 more ideas you learned from the last part of the reading.
-
Read the textbook excerpt below and complete the questions at the end.
8.
Define the term substrate.
9.
Explain the significance of induced fit for enzyme function (i.e., why is it important?).
10. What are some conditions that may interfere with enzyme function if placed in extreme values?