Download Unit #3 Retake Ticket Unit 3 Retake Ticket

DNA Unit – Retake Ticket
Directions: Please print this document and complete it in your own hand writing.
Other Online Resources:
Vocabulary Quizlet : http://quizlet.com/_12bm93
Interactive Practice: http://www.sciencegeek.net/Biology/review/directory.shtml
Matching (Must Know Vocabulary)
1.
3 base code held in the mRNA
a.
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
2. 3 base code held in the tRNA, brings amino acids to ribosome
b. Amino acids
3. A molecule that contains an anticodon and brings the
c.
appropriate amino acid to the ribosome
4. A nucleic acid that holds the code for genetic traits, a double
Deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA)
d. Transcription
helix.
5. Building blocks of a protein
e.
Replication
6. Building unit of nucleic acids, made up of a sugar, phosphate,
f.
Anticodon
g.
Translation
and nitrogen base
7.
Molecule that carries code to the cytoplasm where translation
occurs
8. The process by which a copy of the DNA sequence is made into
h. Nucleotide
an mRNA
9. The process which reads mRNA and read to bring certain amino
i.
Protein synthesis
j.
Transfer RNA (RNA)
k.
Codon
acids over to the ribosome to build a protein
10. The process by which the sequence in DNA is turned into a
functioning protein
11. The process of making a copy of the DNA
Function of DNA
1. DNA stands for __________________________________________.
2. DNA makes up chromosomes, which are located in the ___________________ of a cell.
3. Small sections of a DNA molecule that determine genetic traits are called ________________.
Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
1. How many nucleotides are shown in the DNA segment pictured?
2. Circle any nucleotide on the DNA segment.
3. Name the three parts of a nucleotide.
a.
___________________________
b.
___________________________
c.
___________________________
4. Use the letters P and S to label the sugar and phosphate of the DNA molecule.
5. Which part does the phosphate molecule connect with?
Diagram of DNA molecule
1. A DNA molecule consists of _______ strands.
2. DNA is a long chain made of repeating units called ___________________________.
2. Nucleotides are attached by bonds between the __________________ and the phosphate group.
3. In complimentary base pairing, _________________ bonds with _______________ and _______________
bonds with ______. _________
4. DNA is shaped like a _______________ helix.
DNA Replication
What would the complimentary DNA strand look like if the following DNA replicated?
A A G T T C A G C
G A C T T A G G C
T T C G A A C C G
_______________
________________
________________
COMPARE AND CONTRAST:RNA and DNA
DNA
Double OR Single stranded?
Which sugar does it have?
List all nitrogen bases
Which nitrogen base is different?
Where is it found in eukaryotic
cells?
Function
RNA
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Three types of RNA are transcribed from DNA in the nucleus (from genes that code only for RNA). Complete the
following table, which summarizes information about these molecules.
RNA
Abbreviation
Description/Function
Ribosomal RNA
Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
The Genetic Code
1.
______________________ is the process of making an RNA strand that complements one side of the
original DNA strand. This happens inside the ______________ of a cell, where DNA is located.
2. Which nitrogen base CAN’T you use during replication?
3. CompletetheDNAtranscriptiontocreatemRNA.
A A G T T C A G C
_____ _____ ______
G A C T T A G G C
_____ _____
T T C G A A C C G
TAC CAC
_____ ______ ______
_____ _____
_____
CGA
C A T G A A A G A
_____ _____
_____
T T A GGC GTC
____
_____ _____ _____
4. The mRNA strand is a code that’s read 3 nitrogen bases at a time. This set of 3 nitrogen bases is known as
a _____________. Each codon matches a specific _____________________.
_____________________ is the process of using the new mRNA as instructions to show which order the amino
acids should go in. This happens in the __________________ of the cell.
The order of the amino acids determines the type of protein that is made!
5. Look at the diagram to the right. Match the lettered parts from the
picture next to its name in the table below.
Messenger RNA (mRNA(
Codon
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Anti-codon
Nucleus
Amino acid
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
6. During the process of __________________, the cell uses information from (G)____________ to create
organic molecules called __________, which are long chains of amino acids.
All 3 types of RNA, _______,
______, and ______ have specific roles in this process. Structure B/G, known as __________, is important
because it carries the DNA message from the (A)_____________ to the _______________. There, the (G)
_________ attaches to the surface of (C) ___________, which is made partly of the second type of RNA,
___________. Thirdly, Structure D, also known as _________, is responsible for carrying both the (E)
_____________ and its specific amino acid. The two amino acids shown in this diagram are _______________
and ____________. The amino acids bind with a ______________ bond and form a _____________, the final
product. Through this process cells create enzymes, produce antibodies, and construct all of the molecules for
which our genes code.
7. Use the Table to determine the amino acid.
mRNA
AUG
UAC
GGA
CCU
UUG
Amino Acid
8. Write the amino acid sequence made from the following mRNA.
AAC
AAC
____________
_____________
CGA
______________
GCU
_____________
AUG
___________
9. Translation Practice: Look at the diagram to the right. Match the
lettered parts from the picture next to its name in the table below.
Protein
rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
Amino acid
Mutation
1. A change in a single gene is called a _________________ mutation.
a. When a nucleotide is deleted a _____________________ mutation occurs.
b. When a nucleotide is added, a ______________________ mutation occurs.
c. When one nucleotide is changed for another, it is called a ____________________ mutation.
2. A strand of DNA contains the following bases: ATT CCG GGA TTT.
a. What is the sequence of amino acids that the DNA codes for?
b. If the ATT on the DNA strand is changed to ATG, what is the new amino acid sequence?
c. If the CCG is mutated and becomes GCG, what is the new amino acid sequence?