Download Unit 7: Genetics

Unit 7: Genetics
Projected Test Dates: ________________
Chapters 11 (Genetics) and 10 (Meiosis)
Essential Concepts and Skills
Reading
1. Be able to define and utilize the following key terms of genetics:
a. gene: a section of DNA that carries a trait.
b. allele: a form of a gene
c. dominant: a trait that when present will be expressed (seen).
d. recessive: a trait that will only be seen when it is the only one
present.
e. genotype: the genes that an organism has.
f. phenotype: the appearance of a trait in an organism (what you see).
g. homozygous: having two of the same alleles: a purebred : RR or rr
h. heterozygous: having two different alleles: a hybrid : Rr
i. Punnett square: tool used top predict inheritance of traits from one
generation to the next.
j. monohybrid: the crossing of one trait (height).
k. dihybrid: the crossing of two traits (height and color).
l. probability: the chances of inheriting a particular trait.
m. P1: the parental generation
n. F1: the “first filial” or offspring of the P1 generation.
o. F2: the “second filial” or offspring of the F1 generation.
p. autosomes: the 22 pairs of body chromosomes in our body.
q. sex chromosomes: the one pair of chromosomes that determines the
gender of the organism. Makes up the 23rd pair.
pp. 263 – 266
pp. 270 - 274
2. Using tools of inheritance, such as a Punnett square, to predict
the probability of inheriting a trait.
a. Completing a monohybrid cross.
b. Completing a dihybrid cross.
c. Completing a test cross to determine the genotype of the parental
generation using the genotype of the offspring.
pp. 237 - 274
3. Meiosis
a. The steps and processes involved.
b. The similarities and differences to mitosis.
pp. 275-278
4. You will be able to predict inheritance from patters other than
pure dominant or recessive.
a. Codominance: traits of the P1 are expressed equally in all of the
offspring. Ex: a speckled chicken and human blood types.
b. Incomplete dominance: the traits of the parents are blended to
create a new expression. Ex: red + white = pink
c. Sex linked: traits are inherited on the sex chromosome, most often
the X chromosome. Ex: color blindness and hemophilia
d. Polygenic Inheritance: inheritance that depends on more then one
gene. Ex: hair, skin, eye colors and height.
pp. 270-274
5. Applying Genetics: This portion will resume after spring break
and will focus on what happens when you take what you know about
genetics and manipulate the variables.
a. test crosses
b. selective breeding
c. inbreeding (line-breeding)
d. pedigrees
e. Recombinant DNA
f. cloning
g. genetic engineering.
Chapter 13
pp.319-333;
342
Assessments:
Lots and lots of practice worksheets – class work and homework
Mendel and his Peas
Mitosis/Meiosis Webquest
Build a Baby