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Download Chapter 11.2 (Pg. 313-318): Applying Mendel*s Principles
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Transcript
Chapter 11.2 (Pg. 313-318): Applying Mendel’s Principles Genetics Vocabulary - Genotype - An organism’s genetic makeup - Phenotype - An organism’s physical traits - Homozygous - An organism has two of the same allele for a trait - Heterozygous - An organism has two different alleles for a trait Probability and Genetics - Probability is the likelihood an event will occur - Can be predicted in genetics through segregation - Assumes that each gamete has a ½ chance of carrying an allele Punnett Squares - Are named for their creator, Reginald Punnett - Are a simple matrix to calculate the probability of inheritance outcomes - Show the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring The Principle of Independent Assortment - Genes for different traits can segregate independently during formation of gametes - Traits that segregate independently do not influence each other’s inheritance - The gene that determines seed shape does not affect gene for seed color Two-Factor Crosses - Show how the alleles for one trait are inherited independently of another trait - Two dominant alleles don’t always stay together - Trick is to show the correct combinations of alleles in the parents
