Download lysosomes - PGGCG-11, Content Management Portal

LYSOSOMES
Submitted by:DR.Madhurima Sharma
PGGCG-II,Chandigarh
LYSOSOMES:SUICIDE BAGS
Spherical in form
Tiny sacs bound by unit
membranes




Tiny sacs bound by unit membrane.
Contain hydrolytic enzymes.
Nearly 50 hydrolytic enzymes
identified.Enzymes also called ACID
HYDROLASES as they require acid for their
action.Enzymes inactive at neutral pH.
Contents acidic with pH 5.This pH is
maintained by ATP dependent proton
transport pump.
COMMON HYDROLYTIC
ENZYMES








Proteases
Nucleases (deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease).
Glycosidases.
Lipases.
Sulphatases.
Phosphatases.
All enzymes are not found in one lysosome.
Lysosomal membrane prevents enzymes from
escaping into cytoplasm and destroying it.In
weak cells lysosomal membrane breaks down
to lyse such a cell.
POLYMORPHISM




Primary lysosomes
Secondary lysosomes
Residual bodies
Autophagic vacuoles
ORIGIN




From GOLGI COMPLEX
Or SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
OR BOTH
Originate as membranous vesicles
containing enzymes received from ER
and stored in GOLGI.
FUNCTIONS










Digestion of useful materials
Digestion of harmful materials
Digestion of unwanted materials
Renewal of cells and organelles
Feeding of starving animals
Autolysis
Aids in fertilization
Helps in contraception
Initiation of mitosis
Processing
MALFUNCTION




Blood cancer
Sunburn
Genetic disorders
Degenerative changes in bones and
joints associated with arthritis