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The Cell and Its Environment Cell Membrane Selectively Permeable water bubbles.wav Osmosis Passive Transport Active Transport Diffusion Created by Tiarra Moore Crawford Long Middle School Atlanta, GA Cells have structures that protect their contents from the outside. All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane that separates the cell from the outside environment. Cell Membrane Protects the contents of cells The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means that some substances can pass through while others cannot. Cells must let things enter and leave. IN Oxygen, water, and food molecules OUT Waste products Does a cell really need a semipermeable membrane? What if it didn't have one? Oooh.wav creaky door2.wav How can substances move into and out of a cell? Diffusion The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Concentration = the amount of a substance in a given volume. Osmosis The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. Because cells cannot function properly without adequate water, many cellular processes depend on osmosis. Active Transport The movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy (transport from low to high concentration). Passive Transport The movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy (transport from high to low concentration). Diffusion is the main method by which small molecules move across the cell membrane. Take Notes!! Diffusion in Action - What Does it Look Like? Pure Water Dilute Solution 0 kPa Concentrated Solution -200 kPa Water Diffuses from 0 to -200 kPa -500 kPa Water Diffuses from -200 kPa to -500 kPa Diffusion in Action - Answer Osmosis in Action - What Does it Look Like? Low concentration of sucrose High concentration of water High concentration of sucrose Low concentration of water Osmosis in Action - Answer What is it? Ahem.wav Effects of Osmosis on Cells Osmosis can have important consequences for a cell. Red Blood Cells Which diagram represents the cells in YOUR body??? Scream.wav Plant Cells Independent Work Put Your Thinking Cap On!! ©BrainPOP 1. In what direction do molecules move during diffusion? 2. Suppose a permeable membrane separates sugar solutions with concentrations with concentrations of 5 g/L and 7 g/L. Which way will the sugar diffuse across the membrane? 3. Why is osmosis important? 4. How is osmosis related to diffusion? 5. Why can't people drink large amounts of salt or sugar water? 6. What happens in a cell once the concentrations of molecules inside and outside the cell are equal? ©BrainPOP