Download Knowledge Representation

Knowledge Representation
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why bother ?
what is it ?
what do we represent ?
how is it represented ?
Kn Repn strategies
inferencing
example tasks
why bother ?
intelligence & knowledge
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reacting to sensory infm
using tools
communication
learning
human knowledge organisation
the messed up species
psychological clues
• interlinking
• voice – person – mood
• sound/smell – memory – reminiscence
• vis-ob – properties – ownership
• cognitive limitations
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levels of infm & retrieval
attention
short-term memory
field dependency
physiological clues
• perceptive pre-processing
• brain areas & malfunctions
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memory freezing
the elephant's toenail
unknown ownership / name
the speechless monk
(Aitchison P.39)
who cares?
• feathers & flight
• random sorts
• chaos, complexity & emergent behaviour
why bother ?
a language example
• The old man the boats.
• I saw the racing pigeons flying to Paris.
• I saw the Eiffel Tower flying to Paris.
• The boy kicked the ball under the tree.
• The boy kicked the wall under the tree.
• Put the apple in the basket on the shelf
what is it ?
• declarative forms
data
facts
• procedural forms
processing
retrieval / linking / lumping
• inference
what do we represent ?
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objects
(& their relationships)
events
(& sequences)
performance (& cause & effect)
meta kn
– extent, priority, strategy, reliability, importance
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K
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n
Rep
strategies
facts & rules
logic
semantic nets
frames
scripts
conceptual dependency
a simple semantic net
animal
if has( wings )
flying
elsif has( legs )
walking
else
crawling
moves_by
ako
brown
color
bird
ako
sparrow
has
wings
ako
budgie
ako
freddie
color
yellow
general capabilities
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inheritance
defaults
demons
perspectives
inferencing
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rule application & deduction
generalisation
detecting similarity
measuring differences
tasks
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automatic rule generation
IQ tests
learning (near miss)
planning
agent interaction (conflict & co-operation)
human dialog management