Download Chapter 4 and 5 Tests

Chapter 4 and 5 Tests
Cells and their Membranes
Basic Cell Structure
Organelles found in all types of eukaryotic cells
Organelles that are specific to either plant or animal cells
The structure and function of each of the organelles
The meaning of the word “eukaryote”
The meaning of the word “prokaryote”
The makeup of the endomembrane system
The meaning of cytoplasm
The meaning of endoplasmic
What is “freezer burn”
Where are lysosomes made and what are they?
What are cilia?
What effect do acids and bases have on the performance of enzymes? (Hint: enzymes can
only perform properly within a narrow pH range)
The Central Vacuole
The Fluid Mosaic Model
The phospholipid bi-layer
Blood Types and Antigens
What decides if molecules can pass through the membrane?
What is an acid and how do cells control the pH of their internal environment?
Which surface proteins and extracellular matrix components are not associated with
animal cells?
Cholesterol interferes with the fatty acid tail interactions so it serves to stiffen the
membrane and control fluidity (know it!).
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
Passive Transport - (The first three in the above list. How are they the same how are they
different from one another)
Polar substances normally do not cross the phospholipid bi-layer directly
Remember: size, polarity and charge limit the passage of molecules. Large molecules and
a large volume of molecules must be consumed by endocytosis (either receptore mediated
or phago)
Pinocytosis and aquaporins are involved in water consumption
You must know the function of the Sodium potassium pump and that it is an antiport.
How do paramecium get rid of the excess water that they are forced to constantly absorb
by osmosis?
What kind of solution causes water absorption?
What kind of solution causes water excretion?
What kind of solution causes no change in water concentration in a cell?
What happens to the “food” eaten by cells?
There will be a lot of diagrams that you must identify both eukaryotic and prokaryotic
structures.
You must be able to identify plant cell organelles and animal cell organelles.
The bacteria structures are detailed so study up!
Know the different bacterial cell types (bacillus, coccus, spirillum or spirochete)
FRQs – There are 2 this time.
You really have to know all of the different types of cellular transport.
The second question asks you to discuss the similarities and differences between
plant cells and
bacterial cells.