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Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
King Saud University
Riyadh College of Health Sciences,
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY I
1
SECTION A
Which of the following sentences is true (T) and which is false (F)?
1) Normally about 80% of the carbohydrate in the diet is digested and absorbed.
2)About 90 % of the digestion and absorption of food takes place in the
small intestine.
3)Glucose & fructose are absorbed by secondary active transport
4) Glycolysis is the major pathway for utilizing of glucose and is found in all
5)In ETC, Q (Co Q) serves to shuffle electrons from complexes I, II and III to complex IV
6)Low fat diet and regular exercise can reverse atherosclerotic lesion.
7)Hypercholesterolaemia is almost always due to a raised plasma HDL
8)Amino acids enter intestinal epithelial cells by active transport
9)Glucose and fructose need insulin to enter the muscle cells.
10)The principle purpose of urea cycle is producing energy.
11) Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) presents usually after the second decade of the
patients life and is caused by high-fat food and the life style.
Section B
Complete The Following statements:
1) Oseophagus extends from the ___________. to the __________________. . .
2) The important roles of hydrochloric acid (HCI) that:
i.___________________
ii.___________________
iii.___________________
3) Maltose consists of _________________ and ______________________
4) Glucokinase is found only in __________________ and._____________ whereas
hexokinase present in _________________________
5) In the fasting state when glucose is in short supply, the liver can convert fatty acids
released from adipose tissue into _______________________
6) In the muscle the enzyme ______________ phosphorylates fructose to
_______________
7) Hypoglycaemia is a clinical condition which occur when glucose concentration is less
than_____ mmol/L
8) Ketogenesis uses acetyl- CoA derived mainly from __________________.
9) Creatinine is Principally synthesized in _____________ and _______________from
______________
10) Bacteria ferment undigested carbohydrates releasing:
a)
b)
c)
Section c
> Answer all of the following questions
1)List the seven major organs of the GIT.
2) What does saliva consist of? C
3)Write the overall equation of the glycolysis to lactate.
4)Give three examples of each of the following:
a) Monosaccharides
b) Disaccharides
c) Polysaccharides
5)Gluconeogenesis is the production of glucose from three main substances Write them.
6) How many net ATP molecules yield by anaerobic glycolysis (Embden- Meyerhof)
pathway?
7)Classical galactosaemia is usually caused by the deficiency of which enzyme?
8)What is the principle of the treatment of classical galactosaemia?
9)How cholesterol is ultimately eliminated from the body?
10)What kind of fuel substances the brain uses during starvation in addition to its usual
fuel glucose?
11)what is the reason that muscle can not synthesis free glucose from its own glycogen ?