Download Genetic Engineering

1.
Positive mutations  desirable characteristics; can be increased by ____________, ____________,
etc. (ex: seedless oranges)
A.
DNA Manipulation (14.3, 15.2)
1.
Restriction Enzymes (molecular “scissors”) (14.3)

Enzymes that cut a DNA sequence at a SPECIFIC spot

Leaves single stranded “sticky” ends that can become incorporated into other DNA sequences with
COMPLIMENTARY BASES

2.
Specific genes can be removed and reinserted
DNA Recombination – incorporation of cut DNA into a recipient organism (15.2)

Plasmid – CIRCULAR, bacterial DNA; often RECIPIENT organism
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Plasmid cut with same RESTRICTION ENZYME
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“sticky ends” from cut DNA (gene of interest) and PLASMID match up and join complimentary bases
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Plasmid now contains GENE of INTEREST
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Recombinant DNA – DNA resulting from the
JOINING of TWO portions of DIFFERENT
DNA molecules
3.
DNA Insertion
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RECOMBINANT DNA reinserted into bacterial
cells
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Bacteria reproduce and form CLONES (LARGE
numbers of cells grown from a SINGLE cell)

Large quantities can be produced QUICKLY and
INEXPENSIVELY (ex: INSULIN, HGH)
4.
Transgenic Organisms – organisms that contain
RECOMBINANT DNA
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Plants – increased PROTEIN production, turn off
COLOR production, FIREFLY gene

Animals – increased RESISTANCE to DISEASE,
stronger, faster growing