Download Plasma Membrane

The cell
Chapter 4
Pgs 69-71; 74-82
Two Categories of Cells
Prokaryotic cells:
bacteria and archaea
Eukaryotic cells:
plants, animals, fungi
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
Common Features of All Cells
Structural components
- Plasma Membrane: phospholipids
- Cytoplasm: fluid & organelles
Molecular Components
- DNA & RNA
- Biological Molecules
Metabolism
Parts of a Eukaryotic Cell
1.Nucleus: membrane that surrounds DNA
2.Organelles: highly organized structures in the
cells that serve a special function
3.Cytosol: jelly-like liquid that suspends the
organelles
Cytoplasm = fluid + organelles
4.Cytoskeleton: protein fibers for cell structure
(shape and organization), transport and
movement
5.Plasma membrane: outer lining of a cell
The Nucleus
Where is the
nucleus?
A Closer Look at the Nucleus
The nucleus
contains DNA
A Closer Look at the Nucleus
The nucleus
contains DNA
Nucleoplasm:
Nuclear lamina:
filaments used for
stability
Nuclear envelope:
Nucleolus:
manufactures ribosomes
Nuclear pores:
mRNA exits the nuclear pore into the cytoplasm
and looks for and attached to ribosomes.
Ribosome = site of protein synthesis
Ribosome
Reads the mRNA message and
starts to add the code for
proteins
mRNA
Ribosome moves to
the rough endoplasmic
reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Site where ribosomes
“dock”
Processes the
immature protein
Folds into a protein as
it travels through the
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Proteins travels through
the rough endoplasmic
reticulum
Packaged into transport
vesicles
Transport vesicle
(contains proteins)
travels through the
cytosol
Fuses with the Golgi
complex
Stack of membranes
The Golgi complex
sorts and packages
proteins into transport
vesicles
Proteins are then
squeezed off into the
little blebs which drift off
into the cytoplasm
Golgi complex
Sorted protein
Travels through the
cytosol to fuses with the
plasma membrane for
release
1. mRNA copies instructions from
DNA
2. mRNA exist through nuclear
pores and moves to ribosomes
3. Ribosomes move to the
endoplasmic reticulum
4. Drops amino acid chain into the
endoplasmic reticulum for folding
5. Packaged into transport vesicles
6. Moves to the Golgi complex for
processing, sorting and shipping
7. Proteins bud off and are
released
8. Fuses with the plasma membrane
9. Release of a functional protein
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
No ribosomes attached
Network of membranes
Synthesis of lipids,
fats, steroids
Site of detoxification
Ex. Alcohol
smooth endoplasmic
reticulum of liver cells
Mitochrondia
Protein production,
ribosome production, etc..
requires energy!!!!
Site of energy conversion
Take food and converts it
into energy that a cell can
use
Energy molecule = ATP
adenosine triphosphate
Ex. Coal is converted to
electricity
Lysosome
Cytoskeleton
Plasma Membrane