ATP
... • In the electron transport chain, the carrier molecules NADH and FADH2 give up electrons that pass through a series of reactions. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor forming water. • This sets up a H+ (proton) gradient. • Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
... • In the electron transport chain, the carrier molecules NADH and FADH2 give up electrons that pass through a series of reactions. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor forming water. • This sets up a H+ (proton) gradient. • Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
Citrate Cycle Supplemental Reading Key Concepts
... What role does NADH and FADH2 have in connecting the citrate cycle to ATP synthesis? Why is the citrate cycle considered the hub of metabolism? Biochemical Applications of the Citrate Cycle: Fluoroacetate is found in poisonous plants and it is the active ingredient in "compound 1080" which is used b ...
... What role does NADH and FADH2 have in connecting the citrate cycle to ATP synthesis? Why is the citrate cycle considered the hub of metabolism? Biochemical Applications of the Citrate Cycle: Fluoroacetate is found in poisonous plants and it is the active ingredient in "compound 1080" which is used b ...
video slide - Knappology
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Camp 1 - Evangel University
... • For biochemical reactions, we define a different standard state for the concentration of H+ • standard state for [H+] = _____________________ • this modified standard state is given the symbol _____ ...
... • For biochemical reactions, we define a different standard state for the concentration of H+ • standard state for [H+] = _____________________ • this modified standard state is given the symbol _____ ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION - Ms. Tripp
... • ATP is formed in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation during which • an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP and ATP is formed. ...
... • ATP is formed in glycolysis by substrate-level phosphorylation during which • an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP and ATP is formed. ...
Cellular Respiration
... –Probably evolved in ancient prokaryotes before there was oxygen in the atmosphere ...
... –Probably evolved in ancient prokaryotes before there was oxygen in the atmosphere ...
Solutions for Biochemistry Unit Exam
... Yes, glycolysis does not require oxygen, and give a net 2 ATP regardless. The difference in energy production is determined by what happen after glycolysis, i.e., respiration or fermentation. ...
... Yes, glycolysis does not require oxygen, and give a net 2 ATP regardless. The difference in energy production is determined by what happen after glycolysis, i.e., respiration or fermentation. ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation
... NADH and FADH2 is converted into the phosphoryl transfer potential of ATP. • The standard reduction potential (E0) is a quantitative measure of the ease with which a compound can be reduced; or how readily it accepts electrons. • The more positive the E0, the more readily the compound accepts electr ...
... NADH and FADH2 is converted into the phosphoryl transfer potential of ATP. • The standard reduction potential (E0) is a quantitative measure of the ease with which a compound can be reduced; or how readily it accepts electrons. • The more positive the E0, the more readily the compound accepts electr ...
Amino Acid Biosynthesis
... • A second important route in assimilation of ammonia is via glutamine synthetase ...
... • A second important route in assimilation of ammonia is via glutamine synthetase ...
Nerve activates contraction
... Objective 12: TSWBAT compare the end products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration and identify organisms employing each. ...
... Objective 12: TSWBAT compare the end products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration and identify organisms employing each. ...
Lecture 6 POWERPOINT here
... (- what are they?) are populated with a very large number of chemical reagents, products, and enzymes. ...
... (- what are they?) are populated with a very large number of chemical reagents, products, and enzymes. ...
Chapter 5 Gases - s3.amazonaws.com
... ATP is produced mainly by lactate fermentation in white muscle fibers. Fermentation does not make enough ATP to sustain this type of activity for long. ...
... ATP is produced mainly by lactate fermentation in white muscle fibers. Fermentation does not make enough ATP to sustain this type of activity for long. ...
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
... • Aerobic Respiration–requires a mitochondrion and oxygen –is a three phase process ...
... • Aerobic Respiration–requires a mitochondrion and oxygen –is a three phase process ...
Amino acid metabolism
... Protein sparing: if carbohydrate or fat intake is inadequate, some dietary protein will be used for energy production, reducing availability of amino acids for protein synthesis. As carbohydrate and fats in diet increase, need for dietary protein decreases. ...
... Protein sparing: if carbohydrate or fat intake is inadequate, some dietary protein will be used for energy production, reducing availability of amino acids for protein synthesis. As carbohydrate and fats in diet increase, need for dietary protein decreases. ...
Ch 8-10 Review Topics - Wahconah Science Department
... How do cellular respiration and photosynthesis form a continuous cycle? Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic. Redox Reactions What does it mean to reduce a molecule? What does it mean to oxidize a molecule? How are these processes used in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? St ...
... How do cellular respiration and photosynthesis form a continuous cycle? Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic. Redox Reactions What does it mean to reduce a molecule? What does it mean to oxidize a molecule? How are these processes used in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? St ...
Building Monomers of Macromolecules
... Building Monomers of Macromolecules Introduction: The term macromolecule by definition implies "large molecule". In the context of biochemistry, the term may be applied to the four large molecules that make up organisms --nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Macromolecules are made of ...
... Building Monomers of Macromolecules Introduction: The term macromolecule by definition implies "large molecule". In the context of biochemistry, the term may be applied to the four large molecules that make up organisms --nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Macromolecules are made of ...
The urea cycle
... The two NADH produced can provide energy for the formation of 4 ATP(cytosolic NADH provides only 1.5 ATP due to the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle who transfers the electrons from cytosolic NADH to FADH2 and that gives 1.5 ATP), a net production of one high-energy phosphate bond for the urea cycle. Ho ...
... The two NADH produced can provide energy for the formation of 4 ATP(cytosolic NADH provides only 1.5 ATP due to the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle who transfers the electrons from cytosolic NADH to FADH2 and that gives 1.5 ATP), a net production of one high-energy phosphate bond for the urea cycle. Ho ...
S1936879815019998_mmc1
... which have been hydrolyzed to short lengths diffuse out of the implant (mass loss) as they are increasingly hydrophilic and soluble in aqueous solution. Following these sequential stages oligomeric poly lactic acid molecules hydrolyze to lactic acid monomers which deprotonate (release of a proton [H ...
... which have been hydrolyzed to short lengths diffuse out of the implant (mass loss) as they are increasingly hydrophilic and soluble in aqueous solution. Following these sequential stages oligomeric poly lactic acid molecules hydrolyze to lactic acid monomers which deprotonate (release of a proton [H ...
Unit 2 Metabolism and Survival Glossary
... Activation energy the minimum energy required by reactants to allow reaction to occur Active site the region of an enzyme molecule where the enzyme acts on the substrate Aestivation dormancy in response to high temperature or drought Anabolic a reaction which requires energy and builds up molecules ...
... Activation energy the minimum energy required by reactants to allow reaction to occur Active site the region of an enzyme molecule where the enzyme acts on the substrate Aestivation dormancy in response to high temperature or drought Anabolic a reaction which requires energy and builds up molecules ...
Review Sheet
... 50. Why do muscle/fat/etc. cells take up lots of glucose from the blood when insulin levels are high? 51. How is the terminal phosphate group of ATP used to "power" active transport by the Na+/K+ pump? 52. Know the identity and stoichiometry of the materials used and produced by glycolysis, i.e., if ...
... 50. Why do muscle/fat/etc. cells take up lots of glucose from the blood when insulin levels are high? 51. How is the terminal phosphate group of ATP used to "power" active transport by the Na+/K+ pump? 52. Know the identity and stoichiometry of the materials used and produced by glycolysis, i.e., if ...
Transaminase. There are many types for each amino acid. They are
... Metabolism Lecture 11 — OXIDATIVE- & PHOTO-PHOSPHORYLATION — Restricted for students enrolled in MCB102, UC Berkeley, Spring 2008 ONLY ...
... Metabolism Lecture 11 — OXIDATIVE- & PHOTO-PHOSPHORYLATION — Restricted for students enrolled in MCB102, UC Berkeley, Spring 2008 ONLY ...
Cellular Respiration - Mr. Fusco's Brookdale Weblog
... anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration ...
... anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.