Q1. (a) Describe the part played by the inner membrane of a
... Accept: ‘glucose is converted to pyruvate’ for description of breakdown Glucose cannot cross mitochondrial membrane/does not enter mitochondria; Accept: only pyruvate can 2 max ...
... Accept: ‘glucose is converted to pyruvate’ for description of breakdown Glucose cannot cross mitochondrial membrane/does not enter mitochondria; Accept: only pyruvate can 2 max ...
Fermentation
... When we exercise, the amount of lactate produced exceeds the rate at which the muscles can remove it leads to an uncomfortable, burning sensation in the muscles, especially those of the arms and legs, and is not responsible for the muscle soreness experienced by the person the day after. In fact, th ...
... When we exercise, the amount of lactate produced exceeds the rate at which the muscles can remove it leads to an uncomfortable, burning sensation in the muscles, especially those of the arms and legs, and is not responsible for the muscle soreness experienced by the person the day after. In fact, th ...
Practice photosynthesis/Respiration
... 54) In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules? A) concentrate photons within the stroma B) split water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll C) synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi D) transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH E) harvest photon ...
... 54) In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules? A) concentrate photons within the stroma B) split water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll C) synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi D) transfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH E) harvest photon ...
CHEM-643 Intermediary Metabolism Checklist for final group assignment on:
... Conclusions that are supported by well-analyzed data and associated discussion Conclusions that are supported by multiple tests Exceptional elements that show depth of investigation, understanding, and presentation. ...
... Conclusions that are supported by well-analyzed data and associated discussion Conclusions that are supported by multiple tests Exceptional elements that show depth of investigation, understanding, and presentation. ...
Chapter 26
... – protons released into matrix and electrons passed along the transport chain with energy being released in small amounts ...
... – protons released into matrix and electrons passed along the transport chain with energy being released in small amounts ...
Cell Organisation
... - Blistering diseases (Pemphigus) are auto-immune, attack desmogleins (cadherins), cause layers of skin to pull apart ...
... - Blistering diseases (Pemphigus) are auto-immune, attack desmogleins (cadherins), cause layers of skin to pull apart ...
Biochemistry of Cardiac Muscle and Lung
... transporter in the sarcolema – GLUT-4 (lesser extent GLUT-1). ...
... transporter in the sarcolema – GLUT-4 (lesser extent GLUT-1). ...
09 Respiration
... directly interfere with glycolysis? – an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell – an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it – an agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose but is not metabolized – an agent that reacts with NADH and oxidizes it to NA ...
... directly interfere with glycolysis? – an agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its concentration in the cell – an agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it – an agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose but is not metabolized – an agent that reacts with NADH and oxidizes it to NA ...
Chapter 9
... does not require oxygen The Krebs Cycle (indirectly) and the Electron Transport Chain (directly) use oxygen and so are ...
... does not require oxygen The Krebs Cycle (indirectly) and the Electron Transport Chain (directly) use oxygen and so are ...
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
... theyy combine with oxygen yg and hydrogen y g ions to form water. − the energy released at each step of the chain is stored in the mitochondrion in a form that can be used to make ATP. ATP • The mode of ATP synthesis is called oxidative phosphorylation: ...
... theyy combine with oxygen yg and hydrogen y g ions to form water. − the energy released at each step of the chain is stored in the mitochondrion in a form that can be used to make ATP. ATP • The mode of ATP synthesis is called oxidative phosphorylation: ...
Chapter 26
... • Triglycerides are stored in adipocytes – constant turnover of molecules every 3 weeks • released into blood, transported & either oxidized or redeposited in other fat cells ...
... • Triglycerides are stored in adipocytes – constant turnover of molecules every 3 weeks • released into blood, transported & either oxidized or redeposited in other fat cells ...
Cellular Respiration (Text Book)
... • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle ...
... • Catabolic pathways funnel electrons from many kinds of organic molecules into cellular respiration • Glycolysis accepts a wide range of carbohydrates • Proteins must be digested to amino acids; amino groups can feed glycolysis or the citric acid cycle ...
Chapter 26
... • Triglycerides are stored in adipocytes – constant turnover of molecules every 3 weeks • released into blood, transported & either oxidized or redeposited in other fat cells ...
... • Triglycerides are stored in adipocytes – constant turnover of molecules every 3 weeks • released into blood, transported & either oxidized or redeposited in other fat cells ...
Practice Exam Answers
... Feedback inhibition ensures that the body does not waste energy. It regulates the rate of reactions. It is very important in controlling aerobic respiration. An example of this is PFK which is an allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction in glycolysis. It is inhibited by ATP and stimulated ...
... Feedback inhibition ensures that the body does not waste energy. It regulates the rate of reactions. It is very important in controlling aerobic respiration. An example of this is PFK which is an allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction in glycolysis. It is inhibited by ATP and stimulated ...
Biological Molecules wHelp Sheet
... 2. Which type of molecule includes an example with a long-chain carbon backbone? 3. In the molecule referred to in the previous question, what is the dominant element attached to the carbon backbone? 4. The fatty acid chain of the lipids is often referred to as a hydrocarbon chain. Discuss with your ...
... 2. Which type of molecule includes an example with a long-chain carbon backbone? 3. In the molecule referred to in the previous question, what is the dominant element attached to the carbon backbone? 4. The fatty acid chain of the lipids is often referred to as a hydrocarbon chain. Discuss with your ...
Metabolism
... • ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. • It allows protons to pass through the membrane using the kinetic energy to phosphorylate ADP making ATP. • The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as in some bacteria. ...
... • ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP by chemiosmosis. • It allows protons to pass through the membrane using the kinetic energy to phosphorylate ADP making ATP. • The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in chloroplasts and mitochondria as well as in some bacteria. ...
BHS 150.1 – Course I Date: 10/18/12, 1st hour Notetaker: Laurel
... Someone without contacts, or normally while awake, do aerobic glycolysis (full oxygen) Krebs’s cycle, ETC, ATP produced Enzymes need to know: those that make GTP, NADH, FADH2 Nutrition involved: niacin, pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate, ketoglutarate dehydrogenase need thiamine succinate dehydroge ...
... Someone without contacts, or normally while awake, do aerobic glycolysis (full oxygen) Krebs’s cycle, ETC, ATP produced Enzymes need to know: those that make GTP, NADH, FADH2 Nutrition involved: niacin, pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate, ketoglutarate dehydrogenase need thiamine succinate dehydroge ...
CHE-09 Biochemistry
... has a Keq of 0.0001 at pH 7. What is the G for this reaction? Conversion of glyceraldehyde – 3 – phosphate to 1, 3 – bisphosphoglycerate is an example of substrate level phosphorylation. Explain how? How is the proton motive force determined during oxidative phosphorylation? What would happen if th ...
... has a Keq of 0.0001 at pH 7. What is the G for this reaction? Conversion of glyceraldehyde – 3 – phosphate to 1, 3 – bisphosphoglycerate is an example of substrate level phosphorylation. Explain how? How is the proton motive force determined during oxidative phosphorylation? What would happen if th ...
Protein Metabolism
... • Glutamate dehydrogenase and other enzymes required for the production of urea are located in mitochondria. • This compartmentalization sequesters free ammonia, which is toxic. • In most terrestrial vertebrates, NH4+ is converted into urea, which is excreted. ...
... • Glutamate dehydrogenase and other enzymes required for the production of urea are located in mitochondria. • This compartmentalization sequesters free ammonia, which is toxic. • In most terrestrial vertebrates, NH4+ is converted into urea, which is excreted. ...
3. Biotechnological Importance of MO - Copy
... Auxotrophic mutants having a block in steps of a biosynthetic pathway for the formation of primary metabolite (intermediate not final end prod). End product formation is blocked and no feedback inhibition ...
... Auxotrophic mutants having a block in steps of a biosynthetic pathway for the formation of primary metabolite (intermediate not final end prod). End product formation is blocked and no feedback inhibition ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.