* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Ch 8-10 Review Topics - Wahconah Science Department
Survey
Document related concepts
Adenosine triphosphate wikipedia , lookup
Phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup
Metabolic network modelling wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup
Microbial metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Oxidative phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup
Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Light-dependent reactions wikipedia , lookup
Basal metabolic rate wikipedia , lookup
Citric acid cycle wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
AP Biology Ch 8-10 Review Topics You will need to be able to analyze and organize data. Be able to recognize vocabulary terms throughout the chapters. Formulas will be provided, please review how to use them. When answering questions first determine what you know then what it’s asking, and finally which answer fits best! REVIEW the PowerPoints! Above all relax, study the appropriate amount of time and just do you best. Chapter 8 Review Metabolic Pathways Catabolic (break down) Anabolic (build up) Endergonic Exergonic Identify Energy Types and Provide Examples Kinetic Potential Thermal (heat) Chemical Know the first two Laws of Thermodynamics: Be able to define them and relate them to metabolism. Be able to explain entropy and why life does not violate the 2nd Law as it becomes more organized. ΔG: Free Energy Change What is free energy Enthalpy What does ΔG test? What do the parts of the formula mean: ΔG=ΔH - TΔS Be able to use this formula and determine whether a reaction is spontaneous or not. The Cell does three types of work through Coupling Reactions (know what this means) Chemical work Transport Work Mechanical Work Identify the structure and function of ATP and examine how it is hydrolyzed. Enzymes What are they? What is their structure? How do they work? (Fig 8.16) What is substrate specificity? How do temperature, pH, and concentration on the substrate affect enzyme action? Differentiate between cofactors and coenzymes. Inhibitors: Differentiate between competitive and noncompetitive. (Fig 8.18) Allosteric activators and inhibitors (Fog 8.20) What is feedback Inhibition? Discuss the evolution of enzymes. Chapter 9 Formula for Cellular respiration. How do cellular respiration and photosynthesis form a continuous cycle? Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic. Redox Reactions What does it mean to reduce a molecule? What does it mean to oxidize a molecule? How are these processes used in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? Stages of Cellular Respiration: Know where each stage occurs, what the reactants and products are for each. 1. Glycolysis You need to be able to 2. Pyruvate Oxidation and the Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle) identify the major 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation: ETC (chemiosmosis) components of each Fermentation What are the two types? stage: please see text Why does this occur? and class notes. In what types of cells does this occur in? Explain the evolutionary significance of Glycolysis How are other macromolecules used as fuel; proteins, lipids? (p.180) Explain the following; “Basic principles of supply and demand regulate the metabolic economy.” (p.181) Chapter 10 Photosynthesis formula Why is glucose used and why are some water molecules left out? Differentiate between auto and heterotrophs. Be able to identify the photosynthetic parts of a leaf; mesophyll, chloroplast and its parts. What is the function of the stomata and guard cells? Redox of Photosynthesis Pigments involved and where on the visible light spectrum are they contributing to photosynthesis. Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b Carotenoids Stages of Photosynthesis: Know where each stage occurs, what the reactants and products are for each. 1. Light Reactions a. Splitting H20 b. ATP Phosphorylation You need to be able to ETC c. NADPH reduction identify the major 2. Calvin Cycle components of each a. Carbon Fixation stage: please see text b. Reduction and class notes. c. Regeneration of RuBP Factors (biotic and abiotic) that affect photosynthesis. Photorespiration and the evolution of various plants C3 C4 CAM Review Making Connections page 206-207 of text.