Pyruvate Metabolism
... acids or carbohydrates. This means that the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is an important step, and must be tightly controlled. On the other hand, the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA ...
... acids or carbohydrates. This means that the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is an important step, and must be tightly controlled. On the other hand, the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA ...
fatty acid oxid final
... Increase requirement Pregnancy, Infections, Burns, Trauma o Losses can also occur in hemodialysis • SYMPTOMS: Hypoglycemia during fast ...
... Increase requirement Pregnancy, Infections, Burns, Trauma o Losses can also occur in hemodialysis • SYMPTOMS: Hypoglycemia during fast ...
Mitochondrial Shuttles and Transporters - Rose
... transported across the mitochondrial membrane. This allows separate, independently regulated pools of oxaloacetate. The direction of the shuttle depends on the metabolic state of the cell. Both the glycerophosphate shuttle and the malate-aspartate shuttle result in movement of electrons from one sid ...
... transported across the mitochondrial membrane. This allows separate, independently regulated pools of oxaloacetate. The direction of the shuttle depends on the metabolic state of the cell. Both the glycerophosphate shuttle and the malate-aspartate shuttle result in movement of electrons from one sid ...
Amino Acid Biosynthesis Student Companion Ch 24 Self Test
... 1) What enzyme is responsible for the fixation of nitrogen? Describe it. 2) How many electrons are required to reduce nitrogen gas to ammonia? How many electrons are required in the biological reduction? 3) What are the ultimate biological molecules that act as acceptors of ammonia? What enzymes med ...
... 1) What enzyme is responsible for the fixation of nitrogen? Describe it. 2) How many electrons are required to reduce nitrogen gas to ammonia? How many electrons are required in the biological reduction? 3) What are the ultimate biological molecules that act as acceptors of ammonia? What enzymes med ...
GLYCOLYSIS (1).
... • It occurs in the cytosol of all cells. • Its unique features is that it can function aerobically or anaerobically, depending on the availability of oxygen and electron transport chain. • RBCs have no mitochondria and they rely completely on glucose as their metabolic fuel and metabolize it anaerob ...
... • It occurs in the cytosol of all cells. • Its unique features is that it can function aerobically or anaerobically, depending on the availability of oxygen and electron transport chain. • RBCs have no mitochondria and they rely completely on glucose as their metabolic fuel and metabolize it anaerob ...
GLYCOLYSIS
... • It occurs in the cytosol of all cells. • Its unique features is that it can function aerobically or anaerobically, depending on the availability of oxygen and electron transport chain. • RBCs have no mitochondria and they rely completely on glucose as their metabolic fuel and metabolize it anaerob ...
... • It occurs in the cytosol of all cells. • Its unique features is that it can function aerobically or anaerobically, depending on the availability of oxygen and electron transport chain. • RBCs have no mitochondria and they rely completely on glucose as their metabolic fuel and metabolize it anaerob ...
Powering the Cell: Cellular Respiration and Glycolysis/Practice!
... carrier molecules: four ATP, but also two FADH2 and ten NADH. The primary task of the last stage of cellular respiration, the electron transport chain (ETC), is to transfer energy from these carriers to ATP, the “batteries” which power work within the cell. Pathways for making ATP in stage 3 of aero ...
... carrier molecules: four ATP, but also two FADH2 and ten NADH. The primary task of the last stage of cellular respiration, the electron transport chain (ETC), is to transfer energy from these carriers to ATP, the “batteries” which power work within the cell. Pathways for making ATP in stage 3 of aero ...
Ch. 3 Vocabs
... hundreds or thousands of atoms condensation reaction: a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule hydrolysis: a chemical reaction between water and another substance to form two or more new substances; a reaction between water and a salt ...
... hundreds or thousands of atoms condensation reaction: a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule hydrolysis: a chemical reaction between water and another substance to form two or more new substances; a reaction between water and a salt ...
Intro to Biochemistry Pratt & Cornely Chapter 1
... touch. What conclusions can you draw about the sign of the enthalpy change and the entropy change for this process? ...
... touch. What conclusions can you draw about the sign of the enthalpy change and the entropy change for this process? ...
Ch 26 Notes
... to CoA to form Acetyl CoA for Kreb’s cycle, or converts 2Acetyl CoA’s to acetoacetic acid & then to beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone [all 3 are called ketone bodies] Too much acidosis Proteins Protein metabolism Amino Acids are either used to make other proteins, glucose or triglycerides or AT ...
... to CoA to form Acetyl CoA for Kreb’s cycle, or converts 2Acetyl CoA’s to acetoacetic acid & then to beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone [all 3 are called ketone bodies] Too much acidosis Proteins Protein metabolism Amino Acids are either used to make other proteins, glucose or triglycerides or AT ...
nucleic acid - 4J Blog Server
... • The cellular functions of lipids. • How the sequence and subcomponents of lipids determine their properties. • The basic structure of a nucleic acid. ...
... • The cellular functions of lipids. • How the sequence and subcomponents of lipids determine their properties. • The basic structure of a nucleic acid. ...
Pantothenic Acid - Pure Encapsulations
... Nutrient Metabolism and Organ Function: Pantothenic acid is a precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), an important cofactor and acyl group carrier in cells. One of the main functions for CoA is the formation of acetyl-CoA, vital for cellular respiration and the metabolism of carbohydrates and fatty acids thr ...
... Nutrient Metabolism and Organ Function: Pantothenic acid is a precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), an important cofactor and acyl group carrier in cells. One of the main functions for CoA is the formation of acetyl-CoA, vital for cellular respiration and the metabolism of carbohydrates and fatty acids thr ...
PP - Chemistry Courses: About
... • DHF must be reduced to THF by DHF reductase • NADPH dependent • Chemotherapy target – DHF analogs such as methotrexate ...
... • DHF must be reduced to THF by DHF reductase • NADPH dependent • Chemotherapy target – DHF analogs such as methotrexate ...
Amino Acid Catabolism - Chemistry Courses: About
... acetoacetate by a pathway whose first two seps are identical to those of valine degradation (Figure 18-11). The third step is the same as the first step of fatty acid oxidation. The fourth step involves an ATPdependent carboxylation, the fifth step is a hydration, and the last step is a cleavage rea ...
... acetoacetate by a pathway whose first two seps are identical to those of valine degradation (Figure 18-11). The third step is the same as the first step of fatty acid oxidation. The fourth step involves an ATPdependent carboxylation, the fifth step is a hydration, and the last step is a cleavage rea ...
Amino Acid Catabolism - Chemistry Courses: About
... acetoacetate by a pathway whose first two seps are identical to those of valine degradation (Figure 18-11). The third step is the same as the first step of fatty acid oxidation. The fourth step involves an ATPdependent carboxylation, the fifth step is a hydration, and the last step is a cleavage rea ...
... acetoacetate by a pathway whose first two seps are identical to those of valine degradation (Figure 18-11). The third step is the same as the first step of fatty acid oxidation. The fourth step involves an ATPdependent carboxylation, the fifth step is a hydration, and the last step is a cleavage rea ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation Goal: ATP Synthesis
... • In vivo, P/O ratio closer to 2.5 and 1.5 due to other proton “leaking” – i.e. importing phosphate ...
... • In vivo, P/O ratio closer to 2.5 and 1.5 due to other proton “leaking” – i.e. importing phosphate ...
Cellular Respiration
... End Products: Lactic acid fermentation 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
... End Products: Lactic acid fermentation 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
Cellular Respiration
... •Where: the mitochondria •There are two steps •The Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA •The Kreb's Cycle proper •In the Krebs's cycle, all of Carbons, Hydrogens, and Oxygeng in pyruvate end up as CO2 and H2O •The Krebs's cycle produces 2 ATP's, 8 NADH's, and 2FADH2's per glucose molecule ...
... •Where: the mitochondria •There are two steps •The Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA •The Kreb's Cycle proper •In the Krebs's cycle, all of Carbons, Hydrogens, and Oxygeng in pyruvate end up as CO2 and H2O •The Krebs's cycle produces 2 ATP's, 8 NADH's, and 2FADH2's per glucose molecule ...
Cellular Respiration
... End Products: Lactic acid fermentation 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
... End Products: Lactic acid fermentation 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
![JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000939420_1-ae0fa12f0b4eac306770097ba9ecae40-300x300.png)
JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]
... by the liver, and converted back to pyruvate by the reverse of the transamination reaction that occurred in the muscle 4. Pyruvate is the used to produce glucose via gluconeogenesis ...
... by the liver, and converted back to pyruvate by the reverse of the transamination reaction that occurred in the muscle 4. Pyruvate is the used to produce glucose via gluconeogenesis ...
![JVB112 gluconeogenesis[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/005255251_1-e457e3f80be2f5d8ecf577d50c416034-300x300.png)
Science 101 Pop Quiz - Dutchess Community College
... 5. CH3COOH is the molecular formula for a compound called acetic acid. This statement tells you that the dissociation products of acetic acid must be a) H3 and C2OOH d) H- and CH3COO+ b) H2 and C2OOH2 e) H+ and CH3COOc) H4 and C2O2 ...
... 5. CH3COOH is the molecular formula for a compound called acetic acid. This statement tells you that the dissociation products of acetic acid must be a) H3 and C2OOH d) H- and CH3COO+ b) H2 and C2OOH2 e) H+ and CH3COOc) H4 and C2O2 ...
ATP/NADH Ledger
... The ETC uses energy from electrons to pump H+ across a membrane against their concentration gradient - potential energy. H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through channels in ATP synthase ATP synthase uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ATP This is an example of c ...
... The ETC uses energy from electrons to pump H+ across a membrane against their concentration gradient - potential energy. H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through channels in ATP synthase ATP synthase uses the exergonic flow of H+ to drive phosphorylation of ATP This is an example of c ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.