This is Most of an Old Exam
... C. NAD+ and FAD+ are hydrogen carrier molecules. NAD+ can carry one hydrogen and electron, FAD+ can carry two. D. Hexokinase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction in glycolysis, is highly regulated via allosteric mechanisms. _____ 2.Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors is ca ...
... C. NAD+ and FAD+ are hydrogen carrier molecules. NAD+ can carry one hydrogen and electron, FAD+ can carry two. D. Hexokinase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction in glycolysis, is highly regulated via allosteric mechanisms. _____ 2.Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors is ca ...
regulation of blood glucose dr abdelaziz
... Insulin tends to lower blood glucose level i.e. hypoglycemic hormone, by: 1. Increase glucose uptake by the tissues (liver, ms, and fat tissues) by insertion of GLUT4 into cell membrane 2. Stimulate glycogenesis in Liver and SK. Ms 3. Inhibition of glycogenolysis 4. Inhibition of gluconeogenesis 5. ...
... Insulin tends to lower blood glucose level i.e. hypoglycemic hormone, by: 1. Increase glucose uptake by the tissues (liver, ms, and fat tissues) by insertion of GLUT4 into cell membrane 2. Stimulate glycogenesis in Liver and SK. Ms 3. Inhibition of glycogenolysis 4. Inhibition of gluconeogenesis 5. ...
Chemistry of Life Review Sheet Key
... 11. What is glycogen? A string of 15-24 glucose formed in a muscle or liver cell. Why is it referred to as animal starch? Plants store excess glucose in the form of starch (stored energy) and animals like humans store excess glucose in the form of glycogen (stored energy). ...
... 11. What is glycogen? A string of 15-24 glucose formed in a muscle or liver cell. Why is it referred to as animal starch? Plants store excess glucose in the form of starch (stored energy) and animals like humans store excess glucose in the form of glycogen (stored energy). ...
Metabolism of cardiac muscles
... • >95% of ATP comes from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation • Complete ATP turnover every 10s (constant) ...
... • >95% of ATP comes from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation • Complete ATP turnover every 10s (constant) ...
Biology 105
... All proteins in a cell are called its Proteome. Study of Protein structure/activities Proteomics Macromolecules of amino acids – From 9 - 8000 amino acids ...
... All proteins in a cell are called its Proteome. Study of Protein structure/activities Proteomics Macromolecules of amino acids – From 9 - 8000 amino acids ...
IV. Energy Requirements of Skeletal Muscles
... Oxygen Debt: the length of time it takes to ‘catch your breath’ after lactic acid build-up Oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen that you owe yourself to convert lactate back into pyruvate and restore aerobic respiration. • Click here for a 1 minute video ...
... Oxygen Debt: the length of time it takes to ‘catch your breath’ after lactic acid build-up Oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen that you owe yourself to convert lactate back into pyruvate and restore aerobic respiration. • Click here for a 1 minute video ...
File
... e) nucleotides __ 11. A carbohydrate (polysaccharide) that is formed by plants and used later by the plant as a reserve food supply and made up of only glucose molecules covalently bonded together is: a) cellulose b) starch c) glycogen d) triglycerides e) sucrose __ 12. In a phospholipid bilayer ___ ...
... e) nucleotides __ 11. A carbohydrate (polysaccharide) that is formed by plants and used later by the plant as a reserve food supply and made up of only glucose molecules covalently bonded together is: a) cellulose b) starch c) glycogen d) triglycerides e) sucrose __ 12. In a phospholipid bilayer ___ ...
metabolism in muscle and nerves
... Peroxisomes (X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy) Lysosomes (GM2 gangliosidoses - Tay Sachs disease) ...
... Peroxisomes (X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy) Lysosomes (GM2 gangliosidoses - Tay Sachs disease) ...
Organic Compounds
... Building of Structural parts of cell Non- Polar - Does not dissolve in water ...
... Building of Structural parts of cell Non- Polar - Does not dissolve in water ...
Document
... - about half the volume of the cytoplasm of heart muscle cells made up of mitochondria. - the heart has low levels of glycogen and little phosphocreatine so it must always have adequate oxygen - in addition to fatty acids the heart also utilizes glucose and ketone bodies as fuel. ...
... - about half the volume of the cytoplasm of heart muscle cells made up of mitochondria. - the heart has low levels of glycogen and little phosphocreatine so it must always have adequate oxygen - in addition to fatty acids the heart also utilizes glucose and ketone bodies as fuel. ...
Document
... Stage 3 Oxidative breakdown of stage 2 products occurs in mitochondria of tissue cells. CO2 is liberated, and H atoms removed are ultimately delivered to molecular oxygen, forming water. Some energy released is used to form ATP. Catabolic reactions Anabolic reactions © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... Stage 3 Oxidative breakdown of stage 2 products occurs in mitochondria of tissue cells. CO2 is liberated, and H atoms removed are ultimately delivered to molecular oxygen, forming water. Some energy released is used to form ATP. Catabolic reactions Anabolic reactions © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Note Pages for Monday 12/3 and Tuesday 12/4
... you must collect your energy in another way. All animals, all fungi, some protists, and some prokaryotes are ________________________, or “other makers,” which means they consume calories. We get your energy from _________. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are reservoirs of energy. A series of chem ...
... you must collect your energy in another way. All animals, all fungi, some protists, and some prokaryotes are ________________________, or “other makers,” which means they consume calories. We get your energy from _________. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are reservoirs of energy. A series of chem ...
Fish Oil - Sundown Naturals
... Health experts agree: not all fat is bad for you. Omega-3 fatty acids are considered some of the “good” fats important for cellular, heart and metabolic health.* Getting an adequate amount of fatty acids to promote heart health is not easy.* Sundown Naturals’ Fish Oil 1000 mg contains eicosapentaeno ...
... Health experts agree: not all fat is bad for you. Omega-3 fatty acids are considered some of the “good” fats important for cellular, heart and metabolic health.* Getting an adequate amount of fatty acids to promote heart health is not easy.* Sundown Naturals’ Fish Oil 1000 mg contains eicosapentaeno ...
The pathway from “activated acetic acid” to fatty acids and terpenes
... Adenylation of FA drives formation of thioester Essentially 2 ATPs hydrolyzed Amino acids activated in the same way for attachment to tRNA Mitochondrial outer membrane ...
... Adenylation of FA drives formation of thioester Essentially 2 ATPs hydrolyzed Amino acids activated in the same way for attachment to tRNA Mitochondrial outer membrane ...
Fractose and galactose Metabolism
... About 15% to 20% of the calories contained in the western diet are supplied by fructose (about 100g/day). The major source of fructose is Disacchariede sucrose (table sugar). Fructose is also found as a free monosaccharide in many fruits and vegetables and in honey. Entry of fructose into cells is n ...
... About 15% to 20% of the calories contained in the western diet are supplied by fructose (about 100g/day). The major source of fructose is Disacchariede sucrose (table sugar). Fructose is also found as a free monosaccharide in many fruits and vegetables and in honey. Entry of fructose into cells is n ...
Document
... Pathway of conversion of (A) galactose to glucose in the liver and (B) glucose to lactose in the lactating mammary gland. ...
... Pathway of conversion of (A) galactose to glucose in the liver and (B) glucose to lactose in the lactating mammary gland. ...
Metabolic Fate of Glucose Metabolic Fate of Fatty Acids
... • The α-keto acids derived from aa enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. They serve as a primary source of energy for the liver. ...
... • The α-keto acids derived from aa enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. They serve as a primary source of energy for the liver. ...
Welcome to The Pancreatic Protocol
... Carbohydrate energy reserves are used up first 3 Days on the Pancreatic Protocol, carbohydrate reserves are depleted (glycogenolysis) ...
... Carbohydrate energy reserves are used up first 3 Days on the Pancreatic Protocol, carbohydrate reserves are depleted (glycogenolysis) ...
Ch.24Pt.6_000
... Fats 1st broken down to F.A.s, then attach to protein carriers & carried to muscles via bloodstream; then released and undergo energy producing reactions. Low intensity workout eventually cuts over to burning fat. High intensity relies more on glucose. ...
... Fats 1st broken down to F.A.s, then attach to protein carriers & carried to muscles via bloodstream; then released and undergo energy producing reactions. Low intensity workout eventually cuts over to burning fat. High intensity relies more on glucose. ...
6- Fed Fast Cycle- ENDO
... gluconeogenesis (after 18 hrs to secure glucose to brain & other tissues utilizing glucose as a sole fuel). 1- Increased glycogen degradation (glycogenlysis) to produce glucose to blood: exhausted after 10 – 18 hours of fasting (early fasting). 2- Increased gluconeogenesis: Gluconeogenesis is the sy ...
... gluconeogenesis (after 18 hrs to secure glucose to brain & other tissues utilizing glucose as a sole fuel). 1- Increased glycogen degradation (glycogenlysis) to produce glucose to blood: exhausted after 10 – 18 hours of fasting (early fasting). 2- Increased gluconeogenesis: Gluconeogenesis is the sy ...
fed fast cycle
... 1- Increased degradation of triacylglycerols: Activation of hormone-sensitive lipase with subsequent hydrolysis of stored triacylglycerol are enhanced by elevated catecholamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine) released from sympathetic nerve endings in adipose tissue 2- Increased release of fatty aci ...
... 1- Increased degradation of triacylglycerols: Activation of hormone-sensitive lipase with subsequent hydrolysis of stored triacylglycerol are enhanced by elevated catecholamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine) released from sympathetic nerve endings in adipose tissue 2- Increased release of fatty aci ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.