(Book) Creatine: Increasing Sports Performance
... phosphate (CP), also called phosphocreatine, by the enzyme creatine kinase inside muscle cells by having a high-energy phosphate group added. The cycling back and forth of creatine to creatine phosphate to creatine etc. is very important to the process of supplying energy to muscle cells. We will di ...
... phosphate (CP), also called phosphocreatine, by the enzyme creatine kinase inside muscle cells by having a high-energy phosphate group added. The cycling back and forth of creatine to creatine phosphate to creatine etc. is very important to the process of supplying energy to muscle cells. We will di ...
Evidence of separate pathways for lactate uptake and release by the
... for glycolytic production of lactate and uptake of exogenous lactate. Specifically, we reasoned that if lactate efflux reflects glycolysis in the same cells that are oxidizing lactate, the addition of another oxidizable substrate such as fatty acids should decrease lactate efflux consistent with an ...
... for glycolytic production of lactate and uptake of exogenous lactate. Specifically, we reasoned that if lactate efflux reflects glycolysis in the same cells that are oxidizing lactate, the addition of another oxidizable substrate such as fatty acids should decrease lactate efflux consistent with an ...
What is Cholesterol?......cont. - Home
... • Another lipoprotein formed by the liver is called high density lipoprotein (HDL), sometimes referred to as the “good cholesterol.” • High density lipoprotein is formed with very small amounts of cholesterol, small amounts of triglyceride and a special protein coat within the liver that makes it di ...
... • Another lipoprotein formed by the liver is called high density lipoprotein (HDL), sometimes referred to as the “good cholesterol.” • High density lipoprotein is formed with very small amounts of cholesterol, small amounts of triglyceride and a special protein coat within the liver that makes it di ...
Carnitine-Metabolism and Functions
... (109). The general occurrence of carnitine and of its accompanying carnitine acyltransferases shows that it must have been developed at a phylogenetically early stage, probably during a time closely associated with the development of mitochondria. The concentration of carnitine in different species ...
... (109). The general occurrence of carnitine and of its accompanying carnitine acyltransferases shows that it must have been developed at a phylogenetically early stage, probably during a time closely associated with the development of mitochondria. The concentration of carnitine in different species ...
vitamin b-complex
... B Vitamins are water-soluble, which means that any excess will be naturally excreted through the urine. Moreover, B Vitamins need to be supplemented on a daily basis, as the only one that humans can store is Vitamin B12. Taking Vitamin B Complex (50mg - 100mg) daily will turn the urine a bright fluo ...
... B Vitamins are water-soluble, which means that any excess will be naturally excreted through the urine. Moreover, B Vitamins need to be supplemented on a daily basis, as the only one that humans can store is Vitamin B12. Taking Vitamin B Complex (50mg - 100mg) daily will turn the urine a bright fluo ...
The Nutritional Relationships of Manganese
... patients is characterized by defective ovulation, ovarian and testicular degeneration, and increased infant mortality.14 Manganese is involved in cholesterol synthesis; therefore, a deficiency can be related to a lack of this precursor for normal hormonal production. Manganese also shows a synergist ...
... patients is characterized by defective ovulation, ovarian and testicular degeneration, and increased infant mortality.14 Manganese is involved in cholesterol synthesis; therefore, a deficiency can be related to a lack of this precursor for normal hormonal production. Manganese also shows a synergist ...
Acute hibernation decreases myocardial pyruvate carboxylation and
... anaplerosis (7, 8, 11, 14, 21). The effects of acute myocardial hibernation on the rate of anaplerosis and the tissue content of CAC intermediates are not known. Pyruvate carboxylation is a major anaplerotic pathway in normal myocardium in vivo (21) and generates malate and oxaloacetate (OAA) via ma ...
... anaplerosis (7, 8, 11, 14, 21). The effects of acute myocardial hibernation on the rate of anaplerosis and the tissue content of CAC intermediates are not known. Pyruvate carboxylation is a major anaplerotic pathway in normal myocardium in vivo (21) and generates malate and oxaloacetate (OAA) via ma ...
Lactic acidosis - Medical School
... pyruvate to acetyl-CoA; that is, there is no way that acetyl-CoA oxidized by the electron-transfer chain. The end result is the can be converted back to pyruvate. The resultant acetyl-CoA effective transport of hydrogen ions, referred to as reducing can enter the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and t ...
... pyruvate to acetyl-CoA; that is, there is no way that acetyl-CoA oxidized by the electron-transfer chain. The end result is the can be converted back to pyruvate. The resultant acetyl-CoA effective transport of hydrogen ions, referred to as reducing can enter the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and t ...
Analysis and engineering of acetyl
... bfft also of compensatory back-ffp pathflays that become actifie flhen the mechanisms that carry the majority of the ffffi in flild-type cells are inactifiated by genetic modi cation or by changing process conditions. Chapter 4 therefore infiestigates alternatifie reactions at the interface of glycolysis and TC ...
... bfft also of compensatory back-ffp pathflays that become actifie flhen the mechanisms that carry the majority of the ffffi in flild-type cells are inactifiated by genetic modi cation or by changing process conditions. Chapter 4 therefore infiestigates alternatifie reactions at the interface of glycolysis and TC ...
Manganese Bulletin
... Manganese is the preferred cofactor of enzymes called glycosyltransferases; these enzymes are required for the synthesis of proteoglycans that are needed for the formation of healthy cartilage and bone. Wound healing Wound healing is a complex process that requires increased production of collagen. ...
... Manganese is the preferred cofactor of enzymes called glycosyltransferases; these enzymes are required for the synthesis of proteoglycans that are needed for the formation of healthy cartilage and bone. Wound healing Wound healing is a complex process that requires increased production of collagen. ...
Technical Brief
... The term kwashiorkor was introduced in the medical literature by Cicely Williams, a Jamaican physician working in what is now Ghana in an article published in the Lancet in 1935 1 (republished in 20032). It is derived from a word of the Krobo language from Ghana and refers to a child displaced from ...
... The term kwashiorkor was introduced in the medical literature by Cicely Williams, a Jamaican physician working in what is now Ghana in an article published in the Lancet in 1935 1 (republished in 20032). It is derived from a word of the Krobo language from Ghana and refers to a child displaced from ...
Guide to Nutritional Supplements
... he use of dietary supplements continues to increase worldwide. In the US, sales of dietary supplement is reaching $30 billion per year, but their use transcend cultural barriers, and dietary supplement products now can be found virtually anywhere in the world. One reason for the widespread use of di ...
... he use of dietary supplements continues to increase worldwide. In the US, sales of dietary supplement is reaching $30 billion per year, but their use transcend cultural barriers, and dietary supplement products now can be found virtually anywhere in the world. One reason for the widespread use of di ...
lactate: what does it really tell us?
... Recent evidence suggests that this lactate excretion from the cell is vitally important in the regulation of intracellular pH. Increased cellular lactate production therefore results in an elevated interstitial and then blood lactate concentration. All tissues can produce lactate, but basal lactate ...
... Recent evidence suggests that this lactate excretion from the cell is vitally important in the regulation of intracellular pH. Increased cellular lactate production therefore results in an elevated interstitial and then blood lactate concentration. All tissues can produce lactate, but basal lactate ...
ESTUDIO DE LOS MECANISMOS DE INHIBICIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD CARNITINA PALMITOILTRANSFERASA 1
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
animal nutrition - e
... Biology and Biochemistry studying this subject. It also provides a standard reference text for agricultural advisers, animal nutritionists and manufacturers of animal feeds. The latest edition of this classic text continues to provide a clear and comprehensive introduction to the science and practic ...
... Biology and Biochemistry studying this subject. It also provides a standard reference text for agricultural advisers, animal nutritionists and manufacturers of animal feeds. The latest edition of this classic text continues to provide a clear and comprehensive introduction to the science and practic ...
Roles of the Methylcitrate and Methylmalonyl
... mankind, but we are only now beginning to understand how it is able to survive and persist indefinitely in the host. Understanding carbon metabolism of the pathogen during infection is key, not only as a source of potential drug targets, but also for elucidating the environment in vivo, so that drug ...
... mankind, but we are only now beginning to understand how it is able to survive and persist indefinitely in the host. Understanding carbon metabolism of the pathogen during infection is key, not only as a source of potential drug targets, but also for elucidating the environment in vivo, so that drug ...
Contribution of 13C-NMR spectroscopy to the elucidation of
... pyruvate and oxaloacetate are formed, respectively. These intermediates can be partially oxidized to acetate and partially reduced to propionate leading to stoichiometries as given in Table 2 (Eqs. 1 and 2). Also glutamate may be converted reductively to propionate (Table 2, Eq. 3). This was describ ...
... pyruvate and oxaloacetate are formed, respectively. These intermediates can be partially oxidized to acetate and partially reduced to propionate leading to stoichiometries as given in Table 2 (Eqs. 1 and 2). Also glutamate may be converted reductively to propionate (Table 2, Eq. 3). This was describ ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.