Download BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW SHEET

BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW SHEET
Must be handwritten, 10 points
NAME______________________________________
Text section 5.1
1. Compare and contrast organic and inorganic:
ORGANIC
DESCRIPTION
INORGANIC
EXAMPLES
ELEMENT YOU MUST
HAVE
NONE
2. How many bonds can a carbon atom have?_____________
3. What 3 elements do all of the organic molecules have?______________
4. Name the 3 organic molecule groups we are studying:
________________________________________________________________________
5. CARBOHYDRATES Text section 5.2
a. Name the elements in a carbohydrate:__________________
b. What is the ratio of H to O______________________________
c. Make up an example showing this ratio.___________________________
d. What is the chemical formula of glucose?________________________________
e. Define the following terms:
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
f. Name 1 monosaccharide
g. Name 1 disaccharide
h. Name the 3 polysaccharides below and give functions of each:
Name of
polysaccharide
Function/description
i. If you join three glucose molecules together you form ______________ and you
release _________________,. This process is called dehydration synthesis/hydrolysis?
(circle one)
j. If a big polysaccharide is broken down, this is called____________________. What
must be added in order to break the bonds? __________________ What is produced?
___________________________
k. The functions of carbohydrates are ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
l. Name 3 carbohydrate foods: ________________________________________
m. What is the for a generic monomer of the carbohydrates:
“m________________________________”
6. LIPIDS Text section 5.3
a. Name 3 lipid foods.____________________________________________
b. What elements are found in lipids ?_________________________________
c. What is the ratio of H to O?___________________________________
d. Give an example of this ratio (make one up)_________________________________
e. Name the 3 types of lipids_______________________________________________
f. At room temperature fats are______________________________________
g. At room temperature lipids are _______________________________________
h. If you get a lipid on your clothing or on a brown bag it_________________________
i. Do lipids mix with water?
j. When something mixes with water it is called
“h___________________________”
k. When something does not mix with water it is called “H_______________________”
l. Draw the typical shape of a steroid:
m. Name three steroids (hint: use online activity 5.3):
n. Name an illegal steroid used for athletic enhancement_________________________
o. Cholesterol is needed in your cell membranes, but it can also cause a problem. What
problem does it cause?_______________________
p. Saturated fats come from (living source) ________________________
q. Unsaturated fats come from (living source) _________________________
r. Which is better for you, saturated or unsaturated fats?_______________________
s. What is the difference chemically between a saturated fat and an unsaturated fat?
___________________________________________________________
t. What is the function of lipids? Give at least 2.______________________________
u. What are the monomers of a fat?_______________________________________
v. If 1 glycerol molecule is added to 3 fatty acid molecules how many water molecules
are released?______________________
w. If you combine the above molecules the process is called ___________________
x. If fat is digested, this process would be called _________________ and what
molecule would be released?
7. PROTEINS Text section 5.4
a. Name 3 protein foods_______________________________
b. What elements would be found in proteins_____________________________
c. Is there a ratio?________________
d. What is the monomer of a protein?___________________________
e. Draw and label that monomer here (hint: use 5.4 text):
f. What is the only difference between amino acids?_____________________________
g. How many essential amino acids are available to make a protein?_______________
h. Define the following terms:
Dipeptide
Polypeptide
i. What are the functions of proteins? (do not say the energy!)_____________________
____________________________________________________________________
j. Name the 4 levels of structure of proteins:___________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
k. What happens to a protein if you increase the heat?____________________________
l. What happens to a protein if you change the pH?______________________________
m. What does the term denaturing
mean?________________________________________
n. Are enzymes an example of proteins?____________________
o. How do the terms monomer and polymer relate?
p. Describe dehydration synthesis. 1) define the process 2) draw and explain an
example 3) show what is formed and released.
q. Describe hydrolysis: 1) define the process 2) draw and explain an example 3) show
what is formed and what must be added.
8. KNOW the organic molecule tests from lab!!
Glucose + _____________  __________________(color)
Starch + _________________  ______________________(color)
Lipid + paper  ______________________ (appearance)
Lipid + ethanol __________________________(appearance)
Lipid + water  _____________________________(appearance)
Protein + ________________  ____________________ (color)
Be able to complete a table comparing carbohydrates, lipids and proteins like the
one we did in class for notes.
GOOD LUCK!! YOU NEED TO STUDY!!