Download Chapter 1 Lesson 1 and 2: Cells and Classifying Living Things

Chapter 1 Lesson 1 and 2: Cells and Classifying Living Things
Study Guide for Mrs. Young and Mrs. Bathiany
Test will be Friday, August 31st
I Can Statements:
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I can summarize the five functions of living things.
I can compare plant and animal cells.
I can explain the purpose of the basic parts of a cell.
I can explain how cells are grouped
I can define and compare the kingdoms of living things.
I can describe different type of microorganisms.
Vocabulary
Cell-the smallest unit of living matter; the building blocks of organisms
Oxygen-part of the air that organisms need to live
Organism-a living thing that carries out the five basic life functions
Cell wall-the structure that protects and supports the plant cell
Mitochondrion-food is burned here to give the cell energy
Chloroplast-the plant cell’s food factory has chlorophyll
Nucleus-this controls all cell activities—“brain” of the cell
Chromosome-these control how the cell develops
Vacuole—structure that stores the cell’s food, water, and wastes. Plant cells have
one large vacuole, and animal cells have many
Cell membrane—this thin covering is found outside the cell; In plants, it is inside
the cell wall
Cytoplasm—gel-like liquid that supports all the cell’s structures and fills the entire
cell. All the organelles rest inside the cytoplasm.
Tissue-a solid wall of cells that are alike. It is much like a wall made of bricks
Organ-tissues that work together to carry out a job form an organ
Organ system-organs work together to perform a life function
Trait-a characteristic of a living thing
Kingdom-the largest group into which an organism can be classified
Microorganism—living things too small to be seen with just our eyes
Bacteria—the smallest and simplest microorganism
Fungi—microorganisms that have some traits of plants
Essential Questions:
1. How are organisms classified?
 Kingdom (largest group)
 Phylum
 Class
 Order
 Family
 Genus
 Species (smallest group, only one organism)
2. Why are fungi grouped in their own kingdom?
Scientists once thought fungi were a kind of plant. Then they discovered
that fungi do not make their own food. So, fungi must have a separate
kingdom from plants because they do not share all the same
characteristics.
3. Describe at least three traits of organisms in the animal kingdom:
Animals move, animals do not make their own food, animals have many
cells, etc.
4. What are the five basic jobs all living things carry out?
1. Eat food
2. Grow
3. Reproduce (make more of themselves)
4. Get rid of waste
5. Respond to their environment
5. How does the vacuole differ in the plant and animal cells?
The vacuole is much larger in the plant cell and there is usually only one. In
the animal cell, there are many.
6. How is a cell wall different form a cell membrane?
Cell walls are stiff; they are only found in plant cells. Cell membranes are
thin; cell membranes are found in both plant and animal cells.