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Name ______________________________________
FES 100 - Introduction to Forest Biology
Exam 2: 100 points October 24, 2011
For short answer questions, be brief; full sentences are not necessary. Point value for each question is in
parentheses. If a question is not clear to you, please ask for clarification.
Write your name on this page now!!!!!!
1.
(pt=5)
Diagram a hydrogen bond.
What are two examples where hydrogen bonds are important in the proper functioning of biological
compounds:
a. ________________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________________
2.
(pt=3)
What are three roles for water in photosynthesis?
a.) _________________________________________________________________________________
b.) _________________________________________________________________________________
c.) _________________________________________________________________________________
3.
(pt=2)
What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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4.
(pt=8)
Explain the similarities in structure between the thylakoid (in chloroplast) and
mitochondria. What is important about the structure? Make simple sketches of the structures as part of
your explanation.
5.
(pt=2)
Why is the ATP produced in the light reactions needed in the dark reactions?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
6.
(pt=4)
What are the similarities between the dark reactions of photosynthesis and glycolysis of
respiration? (at least 3 factors)
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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7.
(pt=3)
Why are C4 plants more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants? You can explain the
process or explain what limitation to which the C4 plants have adapted.
8.
(pt=6)
What are similar roles that electrons, hydrogen ions, membranes, and ATP have in
photosynthesis and respiration?
9.
(pt=3)
Give an example of a compound that carries electrons needed for respiration:
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
What process placed these electrons on the compound listed in “a”?
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
What compound is the source of the electrons that get stored on the compound listed in “a”?
c)_________________________________________________________________________________
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10. (pt=4)
Compare anaerobic respiration with aerobic respiration.
In what 2 ways are the processes similar?
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
In what 2 ways do the processes differ?
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
11. (pt=3)
Explain why DNA replication results in only a mutation in every 1 million cell generations.
Include the description of the DNA structures as well as the process of replication. Give 3 reasons:
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
c)_________________________________________________________________________________
12. (pt=7)
If a mutation occurs on the DNA polymer, explain how this error gets transmitted through
each stage of protein synthesis.
Transcription:
Translation:
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13. (pt=4)
Given the following DNA template sequence:
AATCCAGGTCAT
What is the amino acid sequence on the protein?
14. (pt=3)
Why is the sequence of amino acids in a protein so critical for the protein to function
normally? Be sure to give at least 3 correct facts in your explanation.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
15. (pt=1)
How is prophase I in meiosis similar to prophase in mitosis? (1 major factor; sketch or
describe)
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16. (pt=4)
How does prophase I in meiosis differ from prophase in mitosis? (sketch and/or describe)
17. (pt=3)
How does metaphase I in meiosis differ from metaphase in mitosis? (Sketch!)
18. (pt=3)
How does anaphase I in meiosis differ from anaphase in mitosis? (Sketch!)
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19. (pt=1)
In which stage of a cell life cycle does DNA replication occur?
_________________________________________________________________________________
20. (pt=2)
How do organisms with eukaryotic cells maintain variation: What are the 2 key processes
that maintain variation in the population without the need for mutations?
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
21. (pt=1)
Why is maintaining variation in a population important?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
22. (pt=3)
Why must meiosis start with diploid cells?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
23. (pt=4)
Relate the law of segregation in genetics to the production of haploid cells in meiosis:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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24. (pt=2)
The law of independent assortment in genetics is only effective if what relationship exists
between traits and characteristics (a characteristic is coded by a gene on the DNA)?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
25. (pt=3)
How does meiosis explain how the law of independent assortment happens?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
26. (pt=4)
A population of pea plants coming from one mother plant have a population of 25% white
flowers and 75% purple flowers. What is the likely genetic makeup for the parents for flower color:
homozygous or heterozygous (circle one)? Illustrate using a punnet square:
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27. (pt=3)
Relate the goals of taxonomy with the implications of Natural Selection:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
28. (pt=3)
Are living cells necessary for the existence of viruses? Yes No
Explain:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
29. (pt=3)
Bacteria are the most diverse life form on the planet. How could this happen even though
they do not have meiosis and fertilization found in eukaryotic organisms? (3 reasons)
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
c)_________________________________________________________________________________
30. (pt=3)
What are three examples of Protista?
a)_________________________________________________________________________________
b)_________________________________________________________________________________
c)_________________________________________________________________________________
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