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Download Evolution process by which species change over time
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Evolution process by which species change over time Adaptation trait that helps an organism survive in its environment More Adaptations Mutation Change in a gene, may contribute to adaptation and evolution Genes are part of chromosomes which are part of DNA, which is responsible for your physical characteristics, inherited through your parents. What are fossils? Remains or traces of a once living organism • Extinct – no longer found as a living species • Amber – hardened tree sap Most fossils are found in sedimentary rocks, which are made of layers of sediments Two Types of Fossils found in rock • Molds or Body Fossils • Formed when an organism is buried by sediments and the sediments change into rock • Inside organism decomposes • Casts or Trace Fossils • Formed from an impression made from an organism that dried and turned to rock (video clip) Evidence that supports Evolution • Fossil record shows that changes have taken place • Fossil record show marine life on mountains, which indicate mountains were once submerged • Fossils show climate change, fern found in Antarctica, showing once was warm • Fossils show extinct organisms Fossils show similar body structure • Homologous Structures – body parts that have the same basic structure • Vestigial Structures body parts that seem to have not function Evolution of horses DNA Evidence of Evolution • DNA is an organisms genetic material that is responsible for its characteristics and traits • Scientists have found common DNA sequencing or DNA strands in many species indicating they came from a common ancestor • Humans and Chimps have 99% similar DNA, alike in genetic make up • DNA strands can be extracted from fossils DNA Evidence • Electrophoresis – separates the DNA strands, used for evidence in crimes and paternity proof.