* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download The IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources
100% renewable energy wikipedia , lookup
Instrumental temperature record wikipedia , lookup
Climate change mitigation wikipedia , lookup
2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference wikipedia , lookup
Effects of global warming on human health wikipedia , lookup
Climate resilience wikipedia , lookup
Energiewende in Germany wikipedia , lookup
Climatic Research Unit email controversy wikipedia , lookup
Economics of climate change mitigation wikipedia , lookup
Heaven and Earth (book) wikipedia , lookup
ExxonMobil climate change controversy wikipedia , lookup
Climate change denial wikipedia , lookup
Soon and Baliunas controversy wikipedia , lookup
Fred Singer wikipedia , lookup
Global warming wikipedia , lookup
Low-carbon economy wikipedia , lookup
Michael E. Mann wikipedia , lookup
Climate governance wikipedia , lookup
Global warming controversy wikipedia , lookup
Climate engineering wikipedia , lookup
Solar radiation management wikipedia , lookup
Citizens' Climate Lobby wikipedia , lookup
German Climate Action Plan 2050 wikipedia , lookup
Climate change feedback wikipedia , lookup
Global warming hiatus wikipedia , lookup
Mitigation of global warming in Australia wikipedia , lookup
Effects of global warming wikipedia , lookup
General circulation model wikipedia , lookup
Climate change adaptation wikipedia , lookup
Climate change in Tuvalu wikipedia , lookup
Economics of global warming wikipedia , lookup
Climate change and agriculture wikipedia , lookup
Climate change in the United States wikipedia , lookup
Public opinion on global warming wikipedia , lookup
North Report wikipedia , lookup
Attribution of recent climate change wikipedia , lookup
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme wikipedia , lookup
Media coverage of global warming wikipedia , lookup
Climate sensitivity wikipedia , lookup
Climatic Research Unit documents wikipedia , lookup
Climate change, industry and society wikipedia , lookup
Effects of global warming on Australia wikipedia , lookup
Politics of global warming wikipedia , lookup
Surveys of scientists' views on climate change wikipedia , lookup
Scientific opinion on climate change wikipedia , lookup
Climate change and poverty wikipedia , lookup
Effects of global warming on humans wikipedia , lookup
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change wikipedia , lookup
Criticism of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report wikipedia , lookup
The IPCC Special Report on Renwables and Climate Change Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer Universität Flensburg Former Vice Chair WG III IPCC CISBAT 2011 EPFL, Lausanne, September 14th-16th 2011 Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 1 Structure of the presentation • • • • Who or what is the IPCC? Man-made climate change Energy – the heart of the problem Renewable energy sources – the core of the solution • The IPCC Special Report on Renewables • Conclusions Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 2 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) • UN organization with about 190 member states • Founded 1988 as daughter of WMO and UNEP • Objective: Regular reports on the latest state of the art in climate science • Four subject areas and three working groups • 100 – 200 scientists nominated and selected for each report (representing the best in the field and from all world regions) • Multiple scientific and government review of each report • Consensus decision by the IPCC plenary on each report • Accepted basis for international climate policy Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 3 Man-made climate change Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 4 Anthropogenic influences on climate change CO2, CH4 and N2O Concentrations - far exceed pre-industrial values - increased markedly since 1750 due to human activities Relatively little variation before the industrial era Source: IPCC 2007a (WG I, SPM, p. 3) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 5 Increased global temperature change Warmest 12 years since 1850: 1998,2005,2003,2002,2004,2006, 2001,1997,1995,1999,1990,2000 Source: IPCC 2007a (WG I TS p, 37) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 6 Anthropogenic and natural forcings Source: IPCC 2007a (WG I TSp.62) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 7 Time Left to Act Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 8 Projections of future changes in climate Source: IPCC 2007a (WG I, SPM p.14) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 9 How much time is left to act? Source: IPCC 2007 (TS WG III, p. 19) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 10 Options for Action Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 11 Contributions to cumulated emission reductions until 2030 and 2100 Source: IPCC 2007 (SPM WG III, p. p17) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 12 Energy The Heart of the Problem Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 13 Global GHG emissions 1970 to 2004 Source: IPCC 2007 (TS WG III, p. 4) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 14 Fossil Fuels – the heart of the problem (The case of Germany) GHG emissions in the FRG in 2000 Share of GHGs in the FRG in 2000: • CO2: 87% • CH4: 6% • N2O: 6% • HFCS/PFCS: 1% • SF6: 0,25% Total GHG emissions in 2000 990 Mt CO2 eq. CO2 SF6 N2O FCKWs 97% of all CO2 emissions from energy conversion processes! Fossil fuels represent 85% of the problem Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change CH4 Source: BMU 2003, p. 32 und UBA 2002, p. 31 Folie 15 Decarbonising the energy system Four options • • • • Nuclear energy Clean fossil fuels (CCS) Energy efficiency Renewable energy sources: – – – – – – Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer direct solar energy wind energy biomass hydro power geothermal energy ocean energy The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 16 The IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 17 The structure of the SRREN Source: IPCC 2011 (SPM, SRREN, p. 2) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 18 The global potential of renewables Source: IPCC 2011 (SPM, SRREN, p. 8) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 19 The cost of renewables Source: IPCC 2011 (SPM, SRREN, p. 10) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 20 Price development or wind and solar energy Source: IPCC 2011 (SPM, SRREN, p. 12) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 21 GHG emissions of electricity generation Source: IPCC 2011 (SPM, SRREN, p. 17) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 22 The role of renewables for climate protection Source: IPCC 2011 (SPM, SRREN, p. 19) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 23 Renewables and mitigation costs Source: IPCC 2011 (TS, SRREN, p. 146) Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 24 Conclusions • Climate change is developing faster than we thought • GHG concentrations need to be stabilized at even lower levels (440 ppmvCO2) to avoid serious damages • • Energy is the heart of the problem • Renewable energy sources will be a major part of the solution • Renewables can supply far more than the future world energy demand • By 2050 they can supply up to 80% Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 25 Thank you for your attention! Prof. Dr. Olav Hohmeyer The IPCC Special Report on Renewables and Climate Change Folie 26