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Mediators of change? The relevance and potential of protected areas for adaptation to climate change Aliances Workshop at the IUCN World Conservation Congress 2008 in Barcelona, Spain Workshop Main organizer: Prof. Dr. Susanne Stoll-Kleemann Moderation: Nadine Fritz-Vietta Introductory presentation: Monika Bertzky Case study presentations: (1) Roberto Pedraza (Mexico); (2) Elsa J. Sattout and Nizar Hani (Lebanon); (3) Ian Walker (Australia) • Summary: Martin Hirschnitz-Garbers • • • • Workshop agenda • Introductory presentation • Case study presentation (1) (2) (3) • Open discussion • Brief summary and conclusion Mediators of change? The relevance and potential of protected areas for adaptation to climate change Introductory presentation, Monika Bertzky Structure 1. Introduction: Protected areas and climate change 2. Adaptation potential and limitations 3. The role of risk perception 4. Open discussion points 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Introduction • Protected areas… …are cornerstones of in-situ biodiversity conservation …cover ~11.6% of the total territorial area of the world Data source: WDPA 2006 and 2007: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN WCPA 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Introduction • Protected areas… …offer some defense against climate change impacts Buffering coastlines against weather extremes Maintaining important climate refugia Conserving genetic diversity for species’ adaptation 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Introduction • Protected areas… …are affected by climate change impacts, e.g. through Sea level rise and warming waters Changing precipitation patterns Shifting species distribution ranges 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Adaptation potential and limitations • Protected area managers… …are asked to support adaptation processes in “their” PAs Considering climate change impacts in management Increasing the resilience of ecosystems Allowing species to move - create PA networks 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Adaptation potential and limitations • Protected area managers… …must prioritize limited resources according to most pressing (and competing) risks, such as Invasive alien species Illegal activities Pollution 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Driver of prioritization: Risk perception? 1. Is climate change perceived as a major threat to the achievement of conservation targets by PA managers? 2. What are the factors influencing their risk perception? 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky The role of risk perception Four given threats were ranked by survey respondents according to their perceived severity within “their” BR: climate change, illegal activities, invasive alien species, pollution (1 = the biggest threat, 4 = smallest threat) Threats Valid replies Normalized value Rank Illegal activities 199 1.000 1 Climate change 193 0.824 2 Invasive alien species 197 0.822 3 Pollution 198 0.767 4 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky What are influencing factors? Hypothesis: Vulnerable ecosystems within the PAs Finding: Economic power of countries where survey respondents work non-high-income high-income Threats Valid replies Normalized value Rank Climate change 83 1.000 1 Invasive alien species 84 0.949 2 Pollution 83 0.868 3 Illegal activities 82 0.486 4 Illegal activities 117 1.000 1 Invasive alien species 113 0.523 2 Pollution 115 0.500 3 Climate change 110 0.496 4 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky An attempt to explain “There is quite a lot of [climate] modeling going on. Instead of watching this, you would better watch the current [rural and urban] development, it’s transforming the landscape at the same time. (…) [It] is going much faster than global warming is.” (Interviewee from South Africa) 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Full paper available 1. At our exhibition booth No. 048 2. For download at www. biodiversitygovernance.de 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky Open discussion points “There is nothing we can do anyway” “Proactive management is the key to adaptation” “More resources are needed to implement adaptation measures” Protected areas & adaptation to climate change “Other threats are much more serious than climate change” 07.10.2008 “Our idea of static conservation needs to be adapted” “Clear guidelines for adaptation strategies are lacking” M. Bertzky Thank you! [email protected] www.biodiversitygovernance.de 07.10.2008 M. Bertzky