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National GHG Inventory Report Mexico Mexico and the UNFCCC Mexico signed the UNFCCC in 1992 and it was ratified in 1993. The Convention came into force for Mexico on March 21, 1994. Mexico signed the Kyoto Protocol on June 9, 1998. The Mexican Senate approved the Kyoto Protocol on April 29, 2000. The establishment of the Mexican Committee for GHG mitigation projects was on January 23, 2004. The establishment of the Interministrial Climate Change Commission was on April 25, 2005. INTERMINISTRIAL CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION (Created on April 25, 2005) SAGARPA SCT SE SEDESOL SEGOB SEMARNAT SENER SALUD SHCP SRE Structure Expert opinion Interministrial Climate Change Commission Link Link Social Participation The ministries of tourism and navy and also the INEGI are permanent invited to the CICC Eje 4. Environmental Sustainability 4.6 Climate Change OBJECTIVE 10 GHG Mitigation OBJECTIVE 11 Adaptation Strategy 10.1. To promote energy efficiency and clean technologies (including renewable) for energy generation. Strategy 11.1. To promote the adoption of adaptation criteria in planning processes. Strategy 10.2. To promote the efficient use of energy in the domestic, industrial, agricultural and transportation sectors. Strategy 10.3. To promote the implementation of international standards in the transportation sector. Strategy 10.4. To promote energy recovery in the waste sector. http://pnd.presidencia.gob.mx/ Strategy 11.2. To develop regional climate scenarios. Strategy 11.3. To evaluate the impacts, vulnerability and adaptation of different socioeconomic sectors and ecological systems. Strategy 11.4. To promote the dissemination of information on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Sectional Program of Environment and Natural Resources 2007-2012 6.1. Climate Change STRATAGIES AND ACTION PATHS Objetivo 6.1.1. To build the National Strategy of Climatic Change Action Path: To continue the elaboraton of National Comunications in fulfillment with the commitments acquired with the United Nations Framework Convention on the Climatic Change Elaborate two National Comunication with his National GHG Inventory in this administration ¿What is the National Institute of Ecology (INE)? INE is a decentralized body of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT); it was created in 1993 and reorganized in 2001. PROFEPA CONANP CONABIO MISION: To coordinate research on environmental issues, in order to provide data, ideas, proposals, and technical inputs for the decision-making, to support the environmental and natural resources management of Mexico. Regarding Climate Change INE is in charge of: • Developing and integrating the National Communications of Mexico to the UNFCCC • Up-dating of National Greenhouse Gas Inventories • Technical studies on GHG mitigation • Vulnerability assessments and adaptation options to CC. • Support the realization of the Climate Change Actions Programs at state level • Focal Point to the IPCC • Support the international negotiations INE CONAGUA CONAFOR IMTA 5 General directions: 300 employee. Environmental economy and politics Urban and regional pollution Ecosystem conservation Research national center and environmental training Coordination of the Climate Change Program 1992 1993 1994 1997 1998 2000 2001 2003 2004 3rd National Communication 2nd National Communication 1st National Communication Interministerial Commission on Climate Change Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol Signing of the Kyoto Protocol Entry into force of the UNFCCC Ratification of the UNFCCCC UNFCCC Activities of Mexico Special Program on Climate Change 2006 2007 2009 4th National Communication National Strategy for Climate Change First National Comunication The First National Comunication was presented to the Convention in 1997. In this report: •National GHG Inventory 1990. •First studies of the potential vulnerability for Mexico by Climate Change Second National Comunication The Second National Communication was presented in 2001. The report includes: •The National GHG inventory for the period 1994-1998. •Mitigation policies •Vulnerability for climate variability and climate change The Third National Comunication First time that a public consultant was made for the contents of the National Comunication It was presented in 2006 to the Convention. •The GHG inventory updated 1990 to 1998 estimations up to 2002. •Mitigation and adapation studies • Materials for education and public sencibilitation Fourth National Comunication WORKSHOP TO IDENTIFY PRIORITY ISSUUETALLER THAT MUST BE TREATED ON THE NATIONALO COMUN ICATION CMNUCC March 25,2008 Information research of the projects and research activities that had been done in Mexico about Climate Change Organize, syntetize y and analyze the national information by INE CICC revision and approval Incorporate comments by CICC and send it to publication Inventory arrangments Arrangments for Activity Data Activity Data Sources 2006 año CATEGORÍA DE EMISIÓN gases GEI CO2 CH4 Fact N2O Fact Fact HFCs Fact PFCs Fact SF6 Fact Categ Méto or Méto or Méto or Méto or Méto or Méto or oría do emis do emis do emis do emis do emis do emis ión ión ión ión ión ión IPCC Energy Consumo de Combustibles fósiles (Método sectorial) 1 1A Industria generadora de energía 1A1 Manufactura e industria de la construcción 1A2 Transporte 1A3 Otros sectores 1A4 T1 T1 T1 IPC IPC T2 C C IPC IPC D T2 T2 C C D T2 D T1 D T1 D 1990-2006 año gases GEI CATEGORÍA DE EMISIÓN CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 Facto Facto Facto Facto Facto Facto Catego Méto r Méto r Méto r Méto r Méto r Méto r do emisi do emisi do emisi do emisi do emisi do emisi ría ón ón ón ón ón ón IPCC Industrial Process Productos minerales Industria química 2 D, T1, T2 D D, T1b D 2A 2B Producción de metales 2C Otros procesos industriales 2D D, T1 D D D D,T2 D ,T1b T1c Producción de halocarbonos y hexafluoruro de azufre 2E Consumo de halocarbonos y hexafluoruro de azufre 2F T1a OTH D CH4 N2O Facto Méto Factor Métod r do emisión o emisi ón Agriculture 4 Fermentación entérica 4A Manejo de estiércol 4B Cultivo de arroz 4C Suelos agrícolas 4D T1 CS T1 T1 D CS D D T1 D D D NE NE NE NE Quemas programadas de suelos 4E Quemas insitu de residuos agrícolas 4F Otros 4G T1 D D D NE NE NE NE By Level B A 2002 Source Sector Direct Greenhouse Gas C Eq. CO2 Base Year Estimate (Gg) D E Eq. CO2 Current Year Level Estimate Assessment (Gg) F Cumulative Total of Column E 1 2 Producción de electricidad Energía CO2 66719.168 115449.087 0.208664335 20.87% Transporte Manufactura e industria de la construcción Energía CO2 87784.474 111959.959 0.202358036 41.10% Energía Agricultura CO2 56624.301 51025.368 0.092223982 50.32% CH4 38802.615 37366.876 0.067537428 57.08% Energía CO2 37987.856 37020.277 0.06691098 63.77% 3 4 5 Energía CH4 30564.730 36690.761 0.066315408 70.40% 6 Residuos Procesos Industriales CH4 16294.383 34960.611 0.06318831 76.72% 7 CO2 15402.296 30618.698 0.055340674 82.25% 8 Residuos CH4 28566.615 0.05163171 87.42% CO2 18343.169 19277.118 0.03484174 Producción de metales Energía Procesos Industriales CO2 11792.283 15322.440 0.027693998 Suelos agrícolas Agricultura N2O 7100.481 7449.319 0.013464006 11 95.02% 12 Energía CO2 4986.497 5883.832 0.010634522 96.08% Fermentación entérica Refinación de petróleo Emisiones Fugitivas Petróleo y gas natural Disposición de residuos sólidos en suelo Productos minerales Manejo y tratamiento de aguas residuales Residencial Agricultura, pesca y forestal 15476.076 9 90.90% 10 93.67% 13 Contribución de las diferentes categorías a las emisiones de GEI en 2006 500 CO2 Emissions trend by gas 69.3% of total GHGs in 2006 450 Waste incineration 400 Aluminium Production Ferroalloys Production Other Chemical 350 CO2 million tonnes Ammonia Production Other mineral 300 Soda Ash, Production and Use Lime Production Forest Land 250 Iron and Steel Production Cement Production 200 Limestone and Dolomite Use Grassland Other energy sectors 150 Cropland Petroleum Refining 100 Manufacturing Industries and Construction Public Electricity Transport 50 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006 CH4 9,000 Emissions trend by gas 26.4% of total GHGs in 2006 8,000 Grassland 7,000 Forest land Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Rice Cultivation 6,000 Iron and Steel Production CH4 (Gg) Other Chemical sectors 5,000 Other Energy sectors Transport Public Electricity 4,000 Manufacturing Industries and Construction Petroleum Refining Manure Management 3,000 Solid Fuels Enteri Fermentation Oil and Natural Gas 2,000 Wastewater Handling Solid Waste Disposal on Land 1,000 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006 N2O Emissions trend by gas 70 Waste Incineration Grassland 2.9% of total GHG in 2006 60 Field Nurning of Agricultural Residues Adipic Acid Production 50 N2O (Gg) Nitric Acid Production Manufacturing Industries and Construction 40 Forest Land Manure Management 30 Other Chemical Industry Energy Industries 20 Other enrgy sectors Wastewater Handling 10 Agricultural Soils Transport 0 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 Emission Intensity (kg CO2e / $ GDP) 0.28 kg CO2 e / GDP 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Emissions Intensity (kg CO2 e /GDP) 2000 2001 2002 Tendencia Trend 2003 2004 2005 2006 Per capita GHG emissions from Energy Use in Mexico 4.40 t CO2 e per capita 4.20 4.00 3.80 3.60 3.40 *World average Emission per capita data taken from: EIA. (2008). “CO2 Emissions from Fuel Edition. II.49 a1996 II.51. Paris, 1990Combustion”. 1991 19922008 1993 1994 P.1995 1997 France 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Mexico's emissions per capita (tonne CO2e per capita) *