Averchenkova and Bassi 2016.pdf (opens in new window)
... 1.1 International climate change negotiations ahead of Paris International cooperation on climate change is at a critical juncture. The 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held in Paris reached an historic agreement on international actio ...
... 1.1 International climate change negotiations ahead of Paris International cooperation on climate change is at a critical juncture. The 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held in Paris reached an historic agreement on international actio ...
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
... predictable funding from a global facility supported by an internationally binding finance instrument with enforceable commitments, such as assigned amount units (AAU) auctioning revenue. Eligibility for access to those funds should be based on a demonstrated national commitment to REDD strategy imp ...
... predictable funding from a global facility supported by an internationally binding finance instrument with enforceable commitments, such as assigned amount units (AAU) auctioning revenue. Eligibility for access to those funds should be based on a demonstrated national commitment to REDD strategy imp ...
reducing australia`s greenhouse gas emissions— targets and
... A number of government departments and public agencies have supported the work of the Authority during the course of the Review. They include: the Department of the Environment, the Treasury, the Australian Energy Markets Commission, the Australian Energy Market Operator, the Australian Embassy in C ...
... A number of government departments and public agencies have supported the work of the Authority during the course of the Review. They include: the Department of the Environment, the Treasury, the Australian Energy Markets Commission, the Australian Energy Market Operator, the Australian Embassy in C ...
THE GARNAUT CLIMATE CHANGE REvIEW
... five issues papers, the discussion paper on the emissions trading scheme and the interim report, all of which stimulated considerable public discussion and debate on climate change mitigation and adaptation in Australia. This final report is the last stage of a wide-ranging process that has transpar ...
... five issues papers, the discussion paper on the emissions trading scheme and the interim report, all of which stimulated considerable public discussion and debate on climate change mitigation and adaptation in Australia. This final report is the last stage of a wide-ranging process that has transpar ...
Streamlined and consolidated text
... [The objective of this agreement is to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions in line with the ultimate objective of the Convention and to maintain and increase resilience to the adverse effects of climate change.] [This agreement aims to [achieve universal participation and is to] further enhanc ...
... [The objective of this agreement is to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions in line with the ultimate objective of the Convention and to maintain and increase resilience to the adverse effects of climate change.] [This agreement aims to [achieve universal participation and is to] further enhanc ...
chile`s second biennial update report on climate change
... Emission Capacity Building Program, and the German Government’s Information Matters project. Chilean President, Michelle Bachelet, has especially highlighted the work of our country in the national and international climate arena. Her permanent presence in UN forums in which this issue was addressed ...
... Emission Capacity Building Program, and the German Government’s Information Matters project. Chilean President, Michelle Bachelet, has especially highlighted the work of our country in the national and international climate arena. Her permanent presence in UN forums in which this issue was addressed ...
Chapter 13 - Clean Air Act
... The CAA has been described as “without a doubt the most complex environmental regulatory scheme,” one “that is bewildering at times to even the most experienced environmental lawyers.” SUSAN MANDIBERG & SUSAN SMITH, CRIMES AGAINST THE ENVIRONMENT § 4-2(a) (1997). That said, a basic discussion of the ...
... The CAA has been described as “without a doubt the most complex environmental regulatory scheme,” one “that is bewildering at times to even the most experienced environmental lawyers.” SUSAN MANDIBERG & SUSAN SMITH, CRIMES AGAINST THE ENVIRONMENT § 4-2(a) (1997). That said, a basic discussion of the ...
FINAL Amazon Scorecard
... reflecting both the different degrees to which corporations focus on climate issues and climate reporting and the extent to which different sectors have an impact on climate change. The scores offer a snapshot of a moment in time on a dynamic issue among a representative set of large, well-known com ...
... reflecting both the different degrees to which corporations focus on climate issues and climate reporting and the extent to which different sectors have an impact on climate change. The scores offer a snapshot of a moment in time on a dynamic issue among a representative set of large, well-known com ...
10 Years of Experience in Carbon Finance
... Figure 30 – Average monthly prices of CER, pCER & EUAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 31 – Distribution of CDM PoAs (by technology and region) – by number of projects. . . . . . Figure 32 – Distribution of PoAs by host country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Figure 30 – Average monthly prices of CER, pCER & EUAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 31 – Distribution of CDM PoAs (by technology and region) – by number of projects. . . . . . Figure 32 – Distribution of PoAs by host country. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
The rise and fall of the kyoto protocol: climate change as a political
... on climate change, its results and consequences. It views the issue of climate change as a decision-making problem focusing on the relationship between climate science, policy development and politics. This monograph revisits the scientific discussion on the topic and prepares an advanced synthesis ...
... on climate change, its results and consequences. It views the issue of climate change as a decision-making problem focusing on the relationship between climate science, policy development and politics. This monograph revisits the scientific discussion on the topic and prepares an advanced synthesis ...
Survey of Climate Change Considerations in Federal Environmental
... included nineteen EISs for proposals related to fossil fuel development, such as the approval of coal, oil and gas leases, and the construction of natural gas pipelines, liquefaction facilities, and export terminals. Only three of these EISs quantified the lifecycle GHG emissions from the fossil fue ...
... included nineteen EISs for proposals related to fossil fuel development, such as the approval of coal, oil and gas leases, and the construction of natural gas pipelines, liquefaction facilities, and export terminals. Only three of these EISs quantified the lifecycle GHG emissions from the fossil fue ...
NC 4 - unfccc
... hectares). It is estimated that its population of over 20 million people will grow by 36.8% between 1990 and 2021. Australia is the fourteenth largest world economy, with a gross domestic product in 2004 of $821 billion1 (around US$616 billion). Australia is, in many respects, unique among the count ...
... hectares). It is estimated that its population of over 20 million people will grow by 36.8% between 1990 and 2021. Australia is the fourteenth largest world economy, with a gross domestic product in 2004 of $821 billion1 (around US$616 billion). Australia is, in many respects, unique among the count ...
Switzerland`s Sixth National Communication and First
... its achievement of emission reduction targets for the first commitment period under the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. While the first commitment period has ended, Switzerland has committed to continue its emission reduction efforts. Sustainable development, and in pa ...
... its achievement of emission reduction targets for the first commitment period under the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. While the first commitment period has ended, Switzerland has committed to continue its emission reduction efforts. Sustainable development, and in pa ...
Doing Business while Mitigating Climate Change
... or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in Annex B and in accordance with ...
... or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in Annex B and in accordance with ...
"Prices vs. Quantities at the Inter-Country Level - ETH E
... damages to the society. This is most obvious for global externalities such as the pressing issue of climate change. The excessive discharge of emissions with a greenhouse potential increases the radiative forcing of the atmosphere regardless from where these emissions arise. This inevitably results ...
... damages to the society. This is most obvious for global externalities such as the pressing issue of climate change. The excessive discharge of emissions with a greenhouse potential increases the radiative forcing of the atmosphere regardless from where these emissions arise. This inevitably results ...
AMIDST FRAGMENTATION AND COHERENCE: A
... available at. Reducing humangenerated GHG emissions over time to keep the global average temperature rise below 2°C
is thus one of the main objectives of the Cancun Agreements, the Durban Outcomes and
the Doha Climate Gateway (see UNFCCC Conference ...
... available at
IGES Briefing Note on REDD+ negotiations
... addressing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, the SIS, and the development of a holistic system that considers the multiple functions of forest. Some parties pointed out that such a system should provide data and information that is complete, as it would allow the technical analysis of ...
... addressing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, the SIS, and the development of a holistic system that considers the multiple functions of forest. Some parties pointed out that such a system should provide data and information that is complete, as it would allow the technical analysis of ...
a call to action - CDM Policy Dialogue
... more than half of what the world needs now. ▶▶ Global carbon markets – an important policy instrument that the international community has developed over the past decade to facilitate real-world emissions mitigation – are collapsing with potentially devastating consequences. This is particularly tru ...
... more than half of what the world needs now. ▶▶ Global carbon markets – an important policy instrument that the international community has developed over the past decade to facilitate real-world emissions mitigation – are collapsing with potentially devastating consequences. This is particularly tru ...
Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty, which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, based on the premise that (a) global warming exists and (b) man-made CO2 emissions have caused it. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December, 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. There are currently 192 Parties (Canada withdrew effective December 2012) to the Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol implemented the objective of the UNFCCC to fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to ""a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system"" (Art. 2). The Protocol is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities: it puts the obligation to reduce current emissions on developed countries on the basis that they are historically responsible for the current levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The Protocol’s first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets: Australia, the European Union (and its 28 member states), Belarus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and Ukraine. Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine have stated that they may withdraw from the Protocol or not put into legal force the Amendment with second round targets. Japan, New Zealand and Russia have participated in Kyoto's first-round but have not taken on new targets in the second commitment period. Other developed countries without second-round targets are Canada (which withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol in 2012) and the United States (which has not ratified the Protocol). As of July 2015, 36 states have accepted the Doha Amendment, while entry into force requires the acceptances of 144 states.Negotiations were held in Lima in 2014 to agree on a post-Kyoto legal framework that would obligate all major polluters to pay for CO2 emissions. China, India, and the United States have all signaled that they will not ratify any treaty that will commit them legally to reduce CO2 emissions.