MODELING THE EMISSIONS OF NITROUS OXIDE ) FROM THE (N
... the freezing point. The hydrological model and the two-factor model are driven by surface temperature and precipitation, which links methane emission with climate. For present-day climate and soil data sets the N2 0 emission model predicts an annual flux of 11.3 Tg-N/year (17.8 Tg N20/year). The spa ...
... the freezing point. The hydrological model and the two-factor model are driven by surface temperature and precipitation, which links methane emission with climate. For present-day climate and soil data sets the N2 0 emission model predicts an annual flux of 11.3 Tg-N/year (17.8 Tg N20/year). The spa ...
indonesia second national communication
... and DFID study, which suggested Indonesia to be the 3rd largest emitter country. The study estimated that the total emission from Indonesia was about 3,014,000 Gg CO2 where LUCF contributed about 85% or about 2,563,000 Gg CO2 (twice the SNC estimate above). Indeed, a further study from the World Ban ...
... and DFID study, which suggested Indonesia to be the 3rd largest emitter country. The study estimated that the total emission from Indonesia was about 3,014,000 Gg CO2 where LUCF contributed about 85% or about 2,563,000 Gg CO2 (twice the SNC estimate above). Indeed, a further study from the World Ban ...
English - Inter-Parliamentary Union
... (11) Recalling that the community of nations has been dealing since the late 1970s with climate change, its causes, consequences and necessary counter measures, in terms of cutting emissions but also of adapting to the effects of climate change, (Switzerland) Preambular paragraphs 11 and 12 Replace ...
... (11) Recalling that the community of nations has been dealing since the late 1970s with climate change, its causes, consequences and necessary counter measures, in terms of cutting emissions but also of adapting to the effects of climate change, (Switzerland) Preambular paragraphs 11 and 12 Replace ...
REDD and the effort to limit global warming to 2°C
... Most REDD proposals identify global funds or emissions trading markets (or both) as preferred sources of funding.1 Market advocates cite the advantages of economic efficiency and the ability to mobilise the large amounts of capital. Advocates of funds emphasise the potential impacts of integration w ...
... Most REDD proposals identify global funds or emissions trading markets (or both) as preferred sources of funding.1 Market advocates cite the advantages of economic efficiency and the ability to mobilise the large amounts of capital. Advocates of funds emphasise the potential impacts of integration w ...
climate change - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
... emissions. The remaining 25 per cent of non-CO2 GHG emissions are made up of methane (2010: 16 per cent), nitrous oxide (2.6 per cent) and fluorinated gases (2.0 per cent). Despite occurring in much smaller quantities, these non-CO2 GHG are highly potent and produce a much stronger greenhouse effect ...
... emissions. The remaining 25 per cent of non-CO2 GHG emissions are made up of methane (2010: 16 per cent), nitrous oxide (2.6 per cent) and fluorinated gases (2.0 per cent). Despite occurring in much smaller quantities, these non-CO2 GHG are highly potent and produce a much stronger greenhouse effect ...
IPCC Robert M. Margolis 1992 MIT-CEEPR 92-011WP
... prediction of the future in the absence of policy intervention. The difference in wording is subtle but the difference in meaning is very significant. This controversy was expressed in a number of different ways during interviews conducted with participants in the process. For example, a representa ...
... prediction of the future in the absence of policy intervention. The difference in wording is subtle but the difference in meaning is very significant. This controversy was expressed in a number of different ways during interviews conducted with participants in the process. For example, a representa ...
full report - Royal Society of New Zealand
... a low-carbon economy. The low-carbon economy for New Zealand, as defined in this study, is one that trends towards net zero emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), over the next few decades, while also reducing emissions of shorterlived gases, mainly methane (CH4). Reducing CO2 is particularly important ...
... a low-carbon economy. The low-carbon economy for New Zealand, as defined in this study, is one that trends towards net zero emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), over the next few decades, while also reducing emissions of shorterlived gases, mainly methane (CH4). Reducing CO2 is particularly important ...
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON
... International Maritime Organization Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change (1990–1995) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (of UNESCO) ...
... International Maritime Organization Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change (1990–1995) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (of UNESCO) ...
Greenhouse Gas Progress Report 2016 - Name
... health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (sometimes called global warming) by putting more GHGs into the atmosphere. As these gases accumulate, GHGs form a powerful, invisible blanket around Earth, trapping additional heat from the sun. This blanket is alread ...
... health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (sometimes called global warming) by putting more GHGs into the atmosphere. As these gases accumulate, GHGs form a powerful, invisible blanket around Earth, trapping additional heat from the sun. This blanket is alread ...
Greenhouse Gas Progress Report 2016
... health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (sometimes called global warming) by putting more GHGs into the atmosphere. As these gases accumulate, GHGs form a powerful, invisible blanket around Earth, trapping additional heat from the sun. This blanket is alread ...
... health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (sometimes called global warming) by putting more GHGs into the atmosphere. As these gases accumulate, GHGs form a powerful, invisible blanket around Earth, trapping additional heat from the sun. This blanket is alread ...
UK Climate Change Programme 2006
... for much more ambitious collaboration with emerging economies. Our EU Summits with China and India in 2005 were a useful step forward. But again we need to go much further, to scale up these actions to make a real difference. We will also work with the G8 and developing countries through the Dialogu ...
... for much more ambitious collaboration with emerging economies. Our EU Summits with China and India in 2005 were a useful step forward. But again we need to go much further, to scale up these actions to make a real difference. We will also work with the G8 and developing countries through the Dialogu ...
Climate Change The UK Programme 2006
... for much more ambitious collaboration with emerging economies. Our EU Summits with China and India in 2005 were a useful step forward. But again we need to go much further, to scale up these actions to make a real difference. We will also work with the G8 and developing countries through the Dialogu ...
... for much more ambitious collaboration with emerging economies. Our EU Summits with China and India in 2005 were a useful step forward. But again we need to go much further, to scale up these actions to make a real difference. We will also work with the G8 and developing countries through the Dialogu ...
2013-2020 Climate Change Action Plan
... Each of us is responsible for acting to reduce our individual and collective carbon footprint and it is with the commitment of each Quebecer that we will do so. ...
... Each of us is responsible for acting to reduce our individual and collective carbon footprint and it is with the commitment of each Quebecer that we will do so. ...
Strategies for Reducing the Impacts of Surface Transportation on
... Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24. The NCHRP is supported by annual voluntary contributions from the state Departments of Transportation (DOTs). Project 20-24 is intended to fund studies of interest to the leadership of AASHTO and its member DOTs. The report was prepared by Cynthia J. Burbank of Parsons ...
... Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24. The NCHRP is supported by annual voluntary contributions from the state Departments of Transportation (DOTs). Project 20-24 is intended to fund studies of interest to the leadership of AASHTO and its member DOTs. The report was prepared by Cynthia J. Burbank of Parsons ...
Earth Day – Special Virtual Issue from Berghahn Journals
... and environmental science investigations in order to map the ‘adaptive cycle’ on to the millennial record of climate, land, and resource changes. In a recent critique of the climate change literature, Nelson et al. (2009: 272) note that “climate-change debates have historically focused on technologi ...
... and environmental science investigations in order to map the ‘adaptive cycle’ on to the millennial record of climate, land, and resource changes. In a recent critique of the climate change literature, Nelson et al. (2009: 272) note that “climate-change debates have historically focused on technologi ...
Exhaustible resource consumption and lessons for
... per million (ppm) CO2-eq and mainly driven by population growth, economic activity, and the intensity of energy use (ACC, 2010a). The Energy Modeling Forum Study 22 (EMF 22) suggests that the level might grow up to 800 to 1,500 ppm CO2-eq by 2050, assuming the absence of climate policy (Clarke et al ...
... per million (ppm) CO2-eq and mainly driven by population growth, economic activity, and the intensity of energy use (ACC, 2010a). The Energy Modeling Forum Study 22 (EMF 22) suggests that the level might grow up to 800 to 1,500 ppm CO2-eq by 2050, assuming the absence of climate policy (Clarke et al ...
The Fifth Carbon Budget - Committee on Climate Change
... Government the level of the fifth carbon budget. This budget will set the limit on UK emissions of greenhouse gases in the period 2028-32. The timing for providing our recommendation is set by the Climate Change Act. It is coincidence that it comes at the same time as the meeting in Paris for the 21 ...
... Government the level of the fifth carbon budget. This budget will set the limit on UK emissions of greenhouse gases in the period 2028-32. The timing for providing our recommendation is set by the Climate Change Act. It is coincidence that it comes at the same time as the meeting in Paris for the 21 ...
The EU Climate Change Strategy under the Lens of Multi
... the return to nature and environmental scepticism preaching the status quo, a realist observer would acknowledge climate change as the inconvenient challenge of our days. Its reality should neither be hindered by unfounded alarmism nor dismissed by blue-eyed ignorance, but approached with precaution ...
... the return to nature and environmental scepticism preaching the status quo, a realist observer would acknowledge climate change as the inconvenient challenge of our days. Its reality should neither be hindered by unfounded alarmism nor dismissed by blue-eyed ignorance, but approached with precaution ...
The Climate and Development Challenge for Latin America
... Activity costs for land-use (or AFOLU) pathways..................................................................90 ZNDD 2020/ZNLU 2030 + (plus) pathway................................................................................93 Agricultural emissions and the AFOLU+ pathway.................... ...
... Activity costs for land-use (or AFOLU) pathways..................................................................90 ZNDD 2020/ZNLU 2030 + (plus) pathway................................................................................93 Agricultural emissions and the AFOLU+ pathway.................... ...
Trade And Climate Change - WTO-UNEP Report
... compelling. Based on a review of thousands of scientific publications, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has concluded that the warming of the Earth’s climate system is “unequivocal”, and that human activities are “very likely” the cause of this warming. It is estimated that, over ...
... compelling. Based on a review of thousands of scientific publications, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has concluded that the warming of the Earth’s climate system is “unequivocal”, and that human activities are “very likely” the cause of this warming. It is estimated that, over ...
Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty, which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, based on the premise that (a) global warming exists and (b) man-made CO2 emissions have caused it. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December, 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. There are currently 192 Parties (Canada withdrew effective December 2012) to the Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol implemented the objective of the UNFCCC to fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to ""a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system"" (Art. 2). The Protocol is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities: it puts the obligation to reduce current emissions on developed countries on the basis that they are historically responsible for the current levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The Protocol’s first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets: Australia, the European Union (and its 28 member states), Belarus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and Ukraine. Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine have stated that they may withdraw from the Protocol or not put into legal force the Amendment with second round targets. Japan, New Zealand and Russia have participated in Kyoto's first-round but have not taken on new targets in the second commitment period. Other developed countries without second-round targets are Canada (which withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol in 2012) and the United States (which has not ratified the Protocol). As of July 2015, 36 states have accepted the Doha Amendment, while entry into force requires the acceptances of 144 states.Negotiations were held in Lima in 2014 to agree on a post-Kyoto legal framework that would obligate all major polluters to pay for CO2 emissions. China, India, and the United States have all signaled that they will not ratify any treaty that will commit them legally to reduce CO2 emissions.