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Pathogenicity
of
Bacteria
students.umf.maine.edu
94,360 cases of MRSA
in 2005
18,650 of which were fatal
u
Campylobacter spp.
76 Million Cases of
Food-borne illness
every year in the USA
slog.thestranger.com
Escherichia coli
1.86 billion infected with
Mycobacteria tuberculosis
325,000 result in
hospitalization
5,000 in death
www.skyhighway.com
Salmonella spp.
Cholera
Year Estimated Deaths: 120,000
# of Cases per Year: 3-5 million
• 1399 known human pathogens
• 541 Bacteria
• Discovered at a rate of 3 per year
• ~500 Pathogens occur in livestock
• 40% are zoonotic
• Pathogens in dogs are more than 70% zoonotic
Terms
• Pathogenicity
– Ability of an organism to cause disease
• Virulence Factors
– Substances that contribute to pathogenicity
• Plasmid
– Transferable self-replicating DNA
– Transferred by conjugation
• Genomic Islands
– A part of genome with evidence of horizontal origins
– May be on plasmids
Horizontal Gene Transfer
From one generation to the next
Within a single generation
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