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Genetics and inheritance Aim: 1. To recall the important terms that relate to genetics and inheritance (KS4) 2. Describe the basic structure of DNA In your own words, explain the following terms 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Chromosome Gene Features Gametes Zygote Diploid Allele Homozygous Heterozygous Selective breeding Genetic engineering Meiosis Mitosis Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction Mutations Dominant Recessive These are the units which make up chromosomes. Responsible for inheritance of specific characteristics These are things like eye colour, skin colour and hair colour. They are controlled by genes. Sperm and egg cells are both this type of cell. Contain half the amount of DNA of normal diploid cells When a sperm and egg cell fuse together, they produce this. We use this word to describe cells which contain the full complement of genetic material. In humans this would be 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) The different versions of genes Alleles of a given gene are not identical Where plants and animals with useful or desired traits are bred together to produce offspring with those desired traits The altering of the character of an organism by inserting genes from another organism Division of a cell to produce 2 daughter cells which each has the same number and kind of chromosomes as the mother cell Type of reproduction that involves fusion of gametes Random change in the genetic material of the cell The allele that is expressed where an individual is heterozygous The allele that is ‘hidden’ (not expressed) when an individual is heterozygous for a given gene What does it look like? This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.