Download Protein Notes

The elements C, H, O & N make up
amino acids (AA) that are the building
blocks (or mononmers)of PROTEIN.
 Proteins are organic molecules
 Proteins are macromolecules that
contain many atoms.
 A single protein molecule may contain
10 or more AA linked in peptide
chains/bonds
 Proteins are macronutrients
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R
NH2
O
C
C
OH
H
R group
Amine group
Acid group
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Made of four parts:
Amine group (NH2)
Carboxyl group (COOH)
Single Hydrogen
Variable Group – N bonds (determines
type & name of amino acid)
Essential AA
Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Valine
Nonessential AA
Alanine
Arginine
Asparagine
Aspartic Acid
Cysteine
Glutamic acid
Glutamine
Glycine
Proline
Serine
Tyrosine
New growth of tissues, hormones and
enzymes
 Building blocks of body components
 Maintain fluid balance
 Contribute to acid/base (pH) balance
 Immune function
 Gluconeogenesis (Energy if needed)
 4 kcals/gram
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 Provide
the 9 essential amino
acids
 Provide the essential amino acids
or nitrogen to make the
nonessential amino acids
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High quality protein or complete
protein
› Contains ample amount of all 9 essential
amino acids
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These foods include beef, chicken,
fish, eggs, milk and just about anything
else derived from animal sources.

Low quality protein or incomplete
protein
› Deficient or low in one or more essential
amino acids
› Generally include vegetables, fruits,
grains, seeds and nuts.
Grains
Legumes
Barley
Beans
Corn Meal
Lentils
Oats
Rice
Peas
Peanuts
Pasta
Soy
Products
Whole Grain
Breads
Seeds &
Nuts
Sesame
Seeds
Sunflower
Seeds
Walnuts
Cashews
Other Nuts
Vegetables
Leafy Greens
Broccoli
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Heat/acid/alkaline/enzymes
Result in alteration of the protein’s three
dimensional structure
Cooking and/or digestion eventually
break down proteins to amino acids
 Amino acids are transported in the
body via the circulatory system
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Homework
Go to Teacher page
Go to the “LINKS”
section
Click on “How much
protein do I need? “
Answer the questions
in your notebook.
Somewhat less efficient (than animal
protein)
 Lacking in one or more essential amino
acid
 Low in cholesterol and saturated fat
 High in dietary fiber, phytochemicals
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Homework
Go to Teacher web
Go to the “LINKS” section
Click on “Gluten “
Answer the questions in your notebook.
Soy protein is similar to animal protein (used
in school lunches)
 Video
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OS6pS
nejzZU&feature=related
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Homework
Go to Teacher web
Go to the “LINKS” section
Click on “Soy. What is it good for?“
Answer the questions in your notebook.
Homework
 Go to Teacher web
 Go to the “LINKS” section
 Click on “Protein & Food Production“
 Answer the questions in your
notebook.
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