Download If you have a the following genotypes as babies, what must the

Protein Synthesis
• What cell parts or cellular activities does
this incorporate?
• DNA and RNA are major players.
• Nucleus, ribosome, nucleolus, cytoplasm
• What is a protein?
• http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begi
n/dna/tour_protein.html
DNA holds the copy of Genes
• What is a gene?
• http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/tour_
gene.html
• Activity Decoding DNA.
• http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/transc
ribe/
• Transcription happens first (how / where?)
• Translation happens second (how / where?)
• What is a codon?
- a three nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific
amino acid.
Transcription
• Where: In the nucleus, mRNA copies a
gene on DNA, using RNA polymerase.
• The strand is read in a 3’  5’ direction.
• Begins at a promoter and ends at a
terminator.
Transcription
• Transcription:
• http://wwwclass.unl.edu/biochem/gp2/m_biology/anim
ation/gene/gene_a2.html
Translation
• (yes, like interpreting a language)
• You need a ribosome to do the work.
• Where: at a ribosome in the cytoplasm:
– Ribosomal Large subunits P and A and small subunit
•
•
•
•
Translation:
Animation of Translation:
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/
Codon Sheet:
http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/protsy
n/fg9.html This is a key to decoding mRNA
What can scientists do with this
information?
• Early Genetic Engineering.
• (second video in the list)
• http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/
chapter16/animations.html#
• Translation:
• Codon Sheet:
http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/protsy
n/fg9.html
• http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/
• General Animations:
• http://science.nhmccd.edu/BioL/ap1int.htm#protein