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Animal cells vs. Plant cells:
Interestingly different, Surprisingly similar!
ANIMAL CELL
Centrioles
Centrioles
•Nonmembrane-bound organelles that occur in pairs just
outside the nucleus of animal cells.
•Each centriole is composed of a cylinder or ring of 9 sets of
microtubules.
•They organize cell division. Also give rise to cilia and
flagella, structures that allow a cell to move and propel itself.
•Found only in animal cells.
Real Animal Cells
Human cheek cells
Cells from a frog
PLANT CELL
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell wall
•Cell walls lie outside the cell membrane
•They are porous and allow water, oxygen, and
carbon dioxide to pass through easily
•The cell wall provides support and protection for the
cell.
•Plant cell walls are made mainly of cellulose with
fibers of protein to help strengthen the wall.
Chloroplast
•Organelles that capture energy
from sunlight and convert it into
chemical energy in a process called
photosynthesis
•Plants can’t move to get food to eat
for energy, so they must get energy
from the sun
•Inside the chloroplast are stacks of
other membranes that contain the
pigment chlorophyll (a green
pigment, which is why most plants
are green)
Vacuole
•A membrane-bound, fluidfilled sac that occupies
much of the volume of a
plant cell.
•The pressure of the
central vacuole makes it
possible for plants to
support heavy structures
like leaves and stems
•Also functions as a place
to store water, since plants
can’t move to get water
like animals can.
The Plastids
• Two Main Types of Plastids We Will Study
• Leucoplast: Store Starch, typically found in
root cells. Ex: Potato
• Chromoplast: Store Pigments which help,
but cannot do photosynthesis on their own.
Chromo = Color (Red/Orange/Yellow)
• Ex: Tomato Skin Cells
Walls and Membranes
• Important to note:
• Plant cells have a cell wall and a cell
membrane = both
• Animal cells only have a cell membrane,
but no walls.
So which structures are found in
both animal and plant cells?
Which are found only in plant
cells? Which are found only in
animal cells?
Let’s use a Venn Diagram to compare the two
types of cells.