Download Warm Up

Warm Up
1. What is a cell?
2. What are some structures that are found
within a cell?
3. What are the four primary elements that
make up cells?
Cells
Chapter 3
Pg. 55
Cell Anatomy
Cells have three main regions
1.
2.
3.
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Control center of the cell that contains
DNA



Nuclear envelope- membrane or barrier that
contains pores which allow passage of
materials
Nucleoli is the site of ribosome assembly
Chromatin contains the DNA and is found
between the nucleolus and the nuclear
envelope
Cytoplasm
Consists of three parts

Organelles
Carry out specific functions

Cytosol
Fluid that suspends the organelles and inclusions

Inclusions
Nonfunctioning units like stored nutrients or waste
Organelles
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
ER (endoplasmic reticulum)
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Cytoskeleton
Centrioles
Plasma Membrane
The cell barrier that is responsible for
maintaining boundaries

Made up of:
Double layer of phospholipids
Cholesterol
Sugars
Proteins
Junctions
Junctions exists to connect cells together
Three types:
1.
2.
3.
Tight junctions- leak proof sheets
Desmosomes- act as anchors
Gap junctions- allows communication with
other cells
Cell Types
Cell shapes
1.
2.
3.
4.
Disk
Threadlike
Toothpick
Cube like
Cell types
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Connect body part
Move organs
Store nutrients
Cells that fight disease
Gather information
Reproduction
Warm Up
1. What are some functions cells perform?
2. How do cells maintain boundaries?
3. What are the three main areas of a
human cell?
Cell Physiology
Chapter 3
Pg. 66
Key Terms
Diffusion
Filtration
Solute pumping
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Warm Up
1. What are the 3 main regions of a human
cell?
2. How does the human body maintain
homeostasis?
3. What are the 4 biomolecules?
4. List the levels of structural organization
from simplest to most complex. How
many have we discussed so far?
Cell Physiology
1. Membrane transport
2. Cell division
3. Protein synthesis
Membrane transport
The plasma membrane of a cell is
selectively permeable

This means it allow some materials to pass
while keeping others out
This is how cells get rid of waste and
receive nutrients and other needed
materials
Passive Transport
The cell does not need to use its ATP
(energy) to move materials
Active Transport
The cell will have to use its ATP to move
materials through the plasma membrane.
Membrane Transport
In your groups research each type of
transport
Take notes on each
Be ready to report your results to the class
Tell how material move through the
membrane
Cell Division
The life cycle of a cell has two major
periods:

Mitosis- the division of the nucleus; DNA
replicates then
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Cytokinesis- the division of the cytoplasm
Protein Synthesis
This is how cells make protein


DNA provides the code necessary to build
proteins
RNA receives the codes from the DNA and
carries it to the ribosomes where the protein is
made
Why is protein synthesis important?
1. Proteins are used to build cells
2. Proteins perform functions for the body
like; starting chemical reactions, growth