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Cell
History
Membrane
Cell
Name
Bound
Processes
That
Organelle Organelle
s
Plant
Cells
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In 1665, this scientist was the
first to use the word “cell”.
Robert Hooke
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In the late 1660’s, this
scientist was the first to
see and describe
microorganisms under the
microscope
Leeuwenhoek
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These three scientists are
given credit for the Cell
Theory.
Schleiden
Schwann
Virchow
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What are the three parts
to the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure
and function in all living things.
Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
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All cells have what two
characteristics in common?
They are surrounded by a
cell membrane.
They have DNA or RNA.
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The process of converting food
(glucose) into a form of energy
the cell can use (ATP).
Respiration
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Breaking down food into
small molecules that can be
used by the cell.
Digestion
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Using the energy from food
for growth and repair.
Biosynthesis
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The ability to respond to a
stimulus.
Irritability
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The removal of liquid
waste from the cell.
Excretion
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The control center
of the cell.
Nucleus
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This organelle contains very
strong, digestive enzymes.
Lysosome
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This organelle sorts and
packages proteins and ships
them off to their final
destinations.
Golgi Apparatus
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This organelle makes lipids
that will be used in the cell
membrane.
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
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This is a storage area
inside a cell.
Vacuole
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This is the place in the
cell where ribosomal
subunits are
manufactured.
Nucleolus
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These are composed of DNA and
serve as the storehouse for genetic
information of a cell.
Chromosomes
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Newly made proteins from the
ribosomes are inserted into the
spaces of this organelle where
they are modified and shaped
into functioning proteins.
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
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The “powerhouse” of the
cell; this is where cellular
respiration takes place.
Mitochondria
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This is the organelle of
the cell that is
responsible for protein
synthesis.
Ribosomes
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Name three organelles that
are found in plant cells but
are never found in animal
cells.
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
Large, central vacuole
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This organelle contains
chlorophyll and is the site of
photosynthesis in a plant cell.
Chloroplasts
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a)This structure contains pigments
of all colors except green; Gives
fruits and flowers their color.
b)This structure is colorless and is
a storage area for starch inside a
plant cell.
a) Chromoplast
b) Leukoplast
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What substance composes the
cell wall, giving it structure
and support?
Cellulose
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The high pressure of water
inside the central vacuole
of plants is called:
Turgor Pressure
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This provides an internal
framework and support
system to give shape and
organization to a cell.
Cytoskeleton
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This type of cell has no
nucleus or membranebound organelles.
Prokaryotic
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This type of cell does
have a true nucleus as
well as membrane-bound
organelles.
Eukaryotic
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In a multicellular organism, the cells
have become highly specialized.
What is the advantage to cell
specialization?
What is the disadvantage to cell
specialization?
Advantage: When a group of cells has
only one function, they can become very
efficient at that one function.
Disadvantage: The cells become very
dependent on one another. If one group
of cells fails to do their job, the other
cells will perish.
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Name given to a group of cells that are
specialized to perform the same function.
Name given to a group of tissues that are
specialized to perform the same function.
Name given to a group of organs that are
specialized to perform the same function.
Tissue
Organ
System
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