Download 7-2 and 7-3 worksheet key

7.2 Gell Structure
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Cellular Boundaries Rtt cells are surrounded by a cell membrane. Many cells also have
wall. Both cell membranes and cell walls separate cells from the environment and
provide support.
a cell
have them. Animals do not have cell walls.
Cellwalls lie outside the cell membrane. Most
cell walls allow materials to pass through them.
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A cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, a strong but flexible barrier between the cell
and its surroundings. The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also
protects and supports the cell. Most biological mernbranes are selectively permeable,
allowing some substances, but not others, to pass across them.
Cell Organization
1. Describe the relationship between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of a cell.
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2. What does the term organelle tnean literally?
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For Questions 3-5, refer to the Visual Analogy
comparing the cell with a factory.
3.
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In the visual analogy
of a cell as a factory, what two functions of the
nucleus are represented? How are these functions
illustrated?
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4. Which fèature of the nucleus is not clearly shown by the visual analogy?
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5. What is another possible analogy that could be compared with the structure and function
of a cell?
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Name
Date
,ünganelles That $to¡'e, (3lean Up, and Support
6. What are vacuoles?
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7. What are the two roles of the central vacuole in plant cells?
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8. How are contractile vacuoles different from other types of vacuoles?
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9. In the diagrams of the animal cell and the plant cell, label the structures indicated by
lines.
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10. What is the role of lysosomes in the cell? Why is this a vital role?
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11. Which structures of the cytoskeleton are found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
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12. What other structures of the cytoskeleton would show the same pattern of microtubules as
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Organelles That Build Proteins
13. What are ribosomes? What do they do?
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14. In which organelle are the lipid components of the cell membrane assembled?
15. What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?
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16. Using the cell as a fäctory analogy, describe the role ofì tt".coofi
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17. Suppose a cell's Golgi apparatus does not function properly. How might this problem
affect other cells?
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Organelles That Capture and Release Energy
18. Complete the Venn diagram to compare and contrast chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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For Questions 19-22, write True if the statement is true. lf the statement rs false, change
tatement true.
in animal cells.
ndria are surrounded by a double membrane.
21. Nearly all of the mitochondria in your cells were inherited from your mother
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22.Both ch loroplasts and mitochondria lack genetic information in the form of
DNA.
Gellular Boundaries
For Questions 23-25, complete each statement by writing the correct word or words.
23.
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are porous to water and other materials but strong enough to
support and protect cells.
24. Nearly all of the p lant tissue called
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is made up of cell walls.
25. Besides supporting and protecting a cell, the cell membrane
and leaves the cell.
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26. Complete the diagram of a section of a cell membrane. Then, on the line below the
diagram, write the name of the model that describes the cell membrane's structure.
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27.What is the function of vesicles in the synthesis of proteins and the release of those
proteins outside the cell?
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7,3 Cell Transprrt
Lesson Objectives
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Describe passive transport.
Describe active transport.
Lesson Summary
Passive Transport
The movement of materials across the cell membrane without
using cellular energy is called passive transport.
þ+ Diffusion is the process by which particles move from an atea of high concentration to an
area
of lower concentration.
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Facilitated diffusion is the process by which molecules that cannot directly diffuse
aoross the membranc pass through special protein channels.
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Osmosis is the facilitated diffusion of water through a selectively penneable membrane.
.
Aquaporins are water channel proteins that allow water to pass through cell
membranes.
.
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Two adjacent solutions are isotonic ifthey have the same concentrations of solute.
Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solute compared to another
solution.
.
Hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solute compared to another
solution.
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Osmotic pressure is the f-orce caused by the net movement of water by osmosis.
Active
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The movement of materials against a concentration difference is called
active transport. Active transport requires energy.
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Transport proteins that act like pumps use energy to move small molecules and ions
across cell membranes.
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The bulk transport of large molecules and clumps of materials into and out of cells occurs
by movements of the cell membrane, which require energy.
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For Questions 1-4, write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
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1.
Which of the following rnust be true for diffusion to occur?
A. Molecules or particles must have different sizes.
B. Special protein channels must alrvays be available.
C. There must be areas of different concentrations.
D. Energy must be available.
Name
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Class
2.
Date
Which term refers to the condition that exists when no net change in
concentration results from diffusion?
A. concentration
C. osmosis
B. equilibrium
I). randomness
3. Air has a higher concentration of oxygen molecules than does the cytoplasm of
your lung cells. Where in your lungs will there be a net increase of oxygen?
A. in the air breathed in
C. outside of the lung cells
B. in the air breathed out
D. inside of the lung cells
4.
Which of the following statements tells how facilitated diffusion differs from
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A. Particles move through cell membranes without the use of energy by cells. ' .b =
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B. Particles tend to move from high concentration to lower concentration.
C. Particles move within channel proteins that pass through cell membranes.
D. Particles tend to move more slowly than they would be expected to move.
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For Questions 17, match the situation with the result. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the line at the left.
Result
5. Cells
are in an isotonic solution.
6. Cells are in
a
hypertonic solution.
7. Cells are in a hypotonic solution.
A.
B.
The cells lose water.
The cells gain water.
C. The cells
stay the same.
8.MInthetablebelow,drawhoweachtypeofcellwilllookafterbeing
placed in a hypertonic solution.
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Active Transport
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What is the function of active transport in moving small molecules and ions across cell
membranes? Give an example.
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10. How
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move ions across a cell mem
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11.
What are the proteins used in active transport called?
12.
Complete the table to summarize the types of bulk transport.
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Description
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relation to human body fluids. Explain why athletes
13. Most sports drinks are
to body fluids when they exercise rather than ones
should drink solutions
that are hypotonic to body fluids (contain a greater proportion of water in comparison to
the fluids in and around human body cells).
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